篇一：运用四种方法练习新GRE issue写作
智课网GRE备考资料
运用四种方法练习新GRE issue写作
新gre作文考察考生完成题目的过程中是否能够融合批判性思维和分析性写作能力，以更好的反应研究生院和商学院所需思维方式，那么新gre issue写作如何写?下面是小编搜索整理的四种备考gre issue写作方法。拆分法
分析题目极为有效的一种手段，其基本原理就是面对一个云山雾罩的抽象的大的概念，将其一分为二或者一分为多进行分别讨论。解析法
通过对题目主体的需求进行分析，从而找到支持论证的有说服力的理由与典型的论据。主体需求，可以是个人，教育，社会，政府与文化发展等方面的需求。正反法
对题目的主张或者结论分成两面分析。没有绝对对错，哪边理由与例证多我们走哪边。也可写成让步式或者对照式两面论证。比较法
适用于题干中两个对等概念的比较。
这四种解题办法可以交替结合使用。下面我们通过几道典型题目举例说明拆分法在解题中的应用。
93."The concept of 'individual responsibility' is a necessary fiction.Although societies must hold individuals accountable for their own actions，people's behavior is largely determined by forces not of their own making."
在英文中，如果将一个概念定义为FICTION 或者 MYTH，基本就等于对其的否定。这里一个大的抽象概念就是个人责任，题目对其进行了否定。本题涉及了 “个人的行为”是由什么驱动的? 是个人责任还是外在因素?
如果我们只关注“个人责任”这个貌似很哲学的概念，然后上网铺天盖地一顿查询，得出一堆很高深的哲学与政治概念，我们就把题目给复杂化了。这样准备题库里的244道题目，将把你的GRE备考带进一个没完没了的泥沼。我们需要做的就是把 “个人” 这个概念拆分成一些自己熟悉的，有把握写好的，能够分析其行为动力的不同的人群。
首先，想想白领，White collar workers，every Monday when they step into the office building，they are
compelled to do because they have to labor hard to keep their heads above water.驱动他们做不愿意做的工作是因为，他们要Pay for their bills，make their ends meet，take care of their families，concern their social status，being
overwhelmed by anxiety about their retirement，etc).
那么白领是一种可怜巴巴的人群而已，他们并不代表所有的 “个人”，必须分开讨论。可能有同学已经能想到一些高尚的人，如在印度为穷苦病人提供人道主义救援(Humanitarian Relief)的Mother Teresa，和战地天使，现代护理学创始人Florence Nightingale.另外，还有美国社会的志愿者：救世军，Salvation Army，为流浪无家可归的穷人提供Shelter，food，clothes等，还有法国的医生无国界组织Doctors without Borders，美国红十字会 American Red Cross，为世界贫困地区提供志愿医疗服务。这些都是具有利他主义精神的个人，Altruistic
individuals，并不是社会外力强加他们去做这些闪烁着人道主义光芒的事业。比如南丁格尔，出身贵族的大小姐，完全可以享受上流社会(upper class)的生活，比如医生，本身是高收入人群，(decent income)，却选择去非洲与印度。
因此，把个人这个概念一分为二，这道题就很好展开讨论了。炳炳老师的举例只是为了开拓大家的思路，抛砖引玉，显然并不是唯一思路。
97."It is unfortunate but true that political decisions and activities affect all aspects of people's lives."
这里的抽象大概念实际涉及了两个，一个是政治决策，另一个是人们生活。大家对那个领域熟悉就拆分哪一个。
比如，Barack Obama上台之后，大刀阔斧实施了一系列新政，试图刺激美国在Bush Administration 期间留下的经济烂摊子回升，从各个方面对美国人民的生活产生了深远的影响。比如，拆分生活领域，可以从三个方面入手，交通工具，就业市场与日常消费刷卡。
1.现金换旧车计划。Cash for Clunkers，美国人过去在能源便宜的时候爱开大型SUV and Pick up trucks.现在能源要枯竭了，Fossil Fuel Depletion，政府鼓励大家开小排量的清洁环保汽车，就给换旧车(trade in the gas consuming clunkers) 的顾客现金补助。政府从政策上引导大家的低碳经济意识与环保意识，从而改变了美国人的日常生活。
2.Bail out General Motors.GM是美国生产制造业的象征，它的破产，不仅会导致GM几十万工人失业，还会导致整个产业链上(Raw materials industry such as steel，rubber，tires，spare parts manufacturers，distributers，repair shops) 的几百万人失业，加剧金融危机，这是联邦政府所不能坐视不管的。因此美国政府收购GM股权，对其资产注入，成为大股东。使得GM通过破产保护与重组获得新生 (Rising from the ashes through bankruptcy protection and restructuring)，保证美国人就业。
3.Credit Card Act.美国信用卡法案，为保护消费者不受信用卡金融机构的剥削，限制了最高的年利率(APR，Annual Percentage Rate)不得超过一定百分比。不得有隐藏条款，Hidden Term and Conditions，比如年费Annual Fee.从而保护消费者不会债台高筑。
如果同学们对这些最新的素材不熟悉，可以写自己有把握写好的，相信经济学专业的同学能写好国家货币与利率政策对消费投资行为的影响，生物学专业同学能写好干细胞研究法规对科研的冲击，物理系或者石油化工专业学生能写好新能源(Renewable，clean and alternative energy resources)政策对人们生活影响是小菜一碟。
153."Students should bring a certain skepticism to whatever they study.They should question what they are taught instead of accepting it passively."
接触了两个拆分解题的过程，相信这个题会比较简单。大的概念是Study.是否需要质疑，要看学习的内容。
1.如果是Well established principles and theories，就别质疑争议了吧? 各专业的同学可以列举出一堆这样的内容。
2.如果是Controversial issues，就质疑争议好了。找你最有话可说的领域争议一番。
最好写的可质疑争议内容包括：Stem cell research，abortion，same sex marriage，nuclear power 等。
174."Laws should not be rigid or fixed.Instead，they should be flexible enough to take account of various circumstances，times，and places."
这道题目的大概念是法律，千万别一头扎进法律的起源，精神与演化之类的东东。我们在45分钟内是难以说清楚大师们用大部头都写不清楚的东西来。现在我们手起刀落把法律斩为两段，一为基本大法，另一为地方法，整个世界就清静了。对美国来说就是Federal Law and State Law的二分。
1.美国的联邦法从立国以来不是没变化，而是变化很少，著名的有First Amendment，规定了权利法案(Bill of Rights)的修正部分，国会不得通过法案干涉言论自由，宗教自由等。Second Amendment，规定了公民可以持有武器，在公民认为全国或者地方选举有舞弊行为时，可以武装保护选票箱，防止infringement by the federal government.当然，如果你不了解这些，没关系，可以说基本法变化甚少，比如权利法案，三权分立，总统选举，国会立法。这是国家立国之本，大部分同学也都比较熟悉。
2.各州法律，自然就随着时间地点的不同而千奇百怪。比如西部人烟稀少的高速公路，SPEED LIMIT就是80英里/小时，东北部人口稠密地区，就是65英里/小时。(1 英里mile = 1.6 km)。美国有些州允许赌博，如Nevada，New Jersey，Connecticut，Louisiana，其他州打死也不准。有些州比较自由 Liberal，允许同性婚姻，Same Sex Marriage，如California，Massachusetts，New Hampshire，有些保守 conservative 的州就坚决不准，如 Texas，Virginia.
希望各位考生掌握好以上几种gre issue写作方法,加上自己的领悟和灵活运用，新gre作文备考就会相对轻松些，希望考生在新gre作文中良好的发挥自己写作水平能够融合批判性的思维和分析写作能力。
篇二：新GRE写作Issue题库中英文对照及分类整理完全版
新GRE考试Issue题库
中英文对照及分类整理完全版
一、政治
28/113/120/121/127/145国家伟大的判断
28 The surest indicator of a great nation is represented not by the achievements of its rulers, artists, or scientists, but by the general welfare of its people.
一个国家的伟大体现在国民的安乐上，而不是体现在统治者、艺术家或科学家的成就上。
113 Claim: The surest indicator of a great nation is not the achievements of its rulers, artists, or scientists.
Reason: The surest indicator of a great nation is actually the welfare of all its people. 结论：一个国家的伟大不是体现在统治者、艺术家或科学家的成就上。 原因：一个国家的伟大体现在国民的安乐上。
120 Claim: The surest indicator of a great nation must be the achievements of its rulers, artists, or scientists.
Reason: Great achievements by a nation's rulers, artists, or scientists will ensure a good life for the majority of that nation's people.
结论：一个国家的伟大体现在统治者、艺术家或科学家的成就上。
原因：统治者、艺术家或科学家的成就保证了大部分国民的生活安乐。
121 Some people claim that you can tell whether a nation is great by looking at the achievements of its rulers, artists, or scientists. Others argue that the surest indicator of a great nation is, in fact, the general welfare of all its people.
有些人认为，一个国家的伟大不是体现在统治者、艺术家或科学家的成就上。也有人认为，一个国家的伟大体现在国民的安乐上。
127 The surest indicator of a great nation is not the achievements of its rulers, artists, or scientists, but the general well-being of all its people.
一个国家的伟大体现在国民的安乐上，而不是体现在统治者、艺术家或科学家的成就上。
145 The general welfare of a nation's people is a better indication of that nation's greatness than are the achievements of its rulers, artists, or scientists.
相比统治者、艺术家或科学家的成就上，国民的安乐更能体现一个国家的伟大。
85/94/147 国民安乐作衡量标准
85 Some people believe that in order to thrive, a society must put its own overall success before the well-being of its individual citizens. Others believe that the well-being of a society can only be measured by the general welfare of all its people.
有些人认为，为了保证社会繁荣，相比个体民众的安乐，社会整体的成功更为重要。也有人认为，一个社会的繁荣，只能通过社会民众的安乐来衡量。
94 The effectiveness of a country's leaders is best measured by examining the well-being of that country's citizens.
国家领导工作效能最好通过国民的安乐来评判。
147 The effectiveness of a country's leaders is best measured by examining the well-being of that country's citizens.
国家领导工作效能最好通过国民的安乐来评判。
16/50/86/114/115/139 个意与民意
16 Some people believe that in order to be effective, political leaders must yield to public opinion and abandon principle for the sake of compromise. Others believe that the most essential quality of an effective leader is the ability to remain consistently committed to particular principles and objectives.
有些人认为，为了保证效力，政治领袖一定要屈从民众意见，为妥协而放弃原则。也有人认为，有效力的领导者一定具备持续坚定自己原则和目标的能力。
50 Government officials should rely on their own judgment rather than unquestioningly carry out the will of the people they serve.
政府官员应该依靠自己的判断做决定，而不是不假思索地遵从大众的意愿。
86 Some people believe that government officials must carry out the will of the people they serve. Others believe that officials should base their decisions on their own judgment.
有些人认为政府官员应该遵从大众的意愿。也有人认为政府官员依靠自己的判断做决定。
114 Any leader who is quickly and easily influenced by shifts in popular opinion will accomplish little.
若是短期地、轻易地被民众的意见所左右，任何领导必定一事无成。
115 Government officials should rely on their own judgment rather than
unquestioningly carry out the will of the people whom they serve.
政府官员应该依靠自己的判断做决定，而不是不假思索地遵从大众的意愿。 139 Claim: Major policy decisions should always be left to politicians and other
government experts.
Reason: Politicians and other government experts are more informed and thus have better judgment and perspective than do members of the general public.
结论：主要的政策问题应该交给政治家和其他政府专家决策。
原因：政治家和其他政府专家比普通百姓见多识广，而且有更好的判断力和洞察力。
8/111/149领导5年后让位
8 Claim: In any field—business, politics, education, government—those in power should step down after five years.
Reason: The surest path to success for any enterprise is revitalization through new leadership.
结论：如商业、政治、教育、政府，在任何领域中的掌权者应该在五年后就让位。 原因：对于任何机构，最可靠的成功途径是通过新领导阶层带来革新。
111 In any profession—business, politics, education, government—those in power should step down after five years.
如商业、政治、教育、政府，在任何领域中的掌权者应该在五年后就让位。
149 In any field—business, politics, education, government—those in power should be required to step down after five years.
如商业、政治、教育、政府，在任何领域中的掌权者应该在五年后就让位。
104 / 107领导者必须高伦理道德标准
104 To be an effective leader, a public official must maintain the highest ethical and moral standards.
想成为一名有效力的领导者，政府官员必须坚守最高的伦理和道德标准。 107 To be an effective leader, a public official must maintain the highest ethical and moral standards.
想成为一名有效力的领导者，政府官员必须坚守最高的伦理和道德标准。
零散主题
19 Governments should focus on solving the immediate problems of today rather than on trying to solve the anticipated problems of the future.
政府应该把更多的精力放在解决当务之急上，而不是试图解决未来预期问题上。 60 Politicians should pursue common ground and reasonable consensus rather than elusive ideals.
政治家应该寻求共同点和理性的一致，而不是深奥的理想。
62 Leaders are created by the demands that are placed on them.
领导者主要是由身负的责任所造就的。
69 Some people believe it is often necessary, even desirable, for political leaders to withhold information from the public. Others believe that the public has a right to be fully informed.
有些人认为政治领导向大众隐瞒信息是有必要的，甚至是有益的。也有人认为公众有知情权利。
123 The best way for a society to prepare its young people for leadership in government, industry, or other fields is by instilling in them a sense of cooperation, not competition. 社会培养年轻一代胜任政府、工业等领域的领导职位，最佳途径是灌输合作精神，而不是竞争精神。
128 Some people argue that successful leaders in government, industry, or other fields must be highly competitive.
Other people claim that in order to be successful, a leader must be willing and able to cooperate with others.
有些人认为，政府、工业或其他领域的成功领导者一定是具有极强的竞争精神的。也有人认为，为了成功，领导者必须情愿并且有能力和他人合作。
篇三：新GRE作文范文带译文 issue写作部分_GRE写作
智课网GRE备考资料
新GRE作文范文带译文 issue写作部分_GRE写作
新GRE作文复习，需要选择一些优秀的新GRE作文范文来当做复习材料，进行学习新GRE作文写法和模拟的样本。下面为大家介绍一篇新GRE写作范文，帮助大家复习新GRE作文，获得理想的新GRE作文分数。
Issue
"People work more productively in teams than individually. Teamwork requires cooperation, which motivates people much more than individual competition does."
Sample Essay
Teamwork as a whole can naturally produce an overall greater productivity through the concept of "synergy", where the total of the whole is greater than the sum of its individual parts. But the idea that people work more productively in teams rather than as individuals is going to vary greatly between the types of teams that are organized, the end reward or motivation for both the team and the individuals, as well as the individuals themselves.
Regarding individuals, some people are born with the desire to succeed, no matter what the situation or task that they are facing. These people may evolve into the classic "Type A" personalities that work ferociously because they are driven by an internal fire that says they must always be doing something, whether individually or as part of a team.
Other people may desire to be less socially involved or are very highly competitive with other people. For these people, their work is most productive as individuals, because the very idea of cooperating with other people limits their
effectiveness and efficiency because they simply do not want to be a part of the team. Whether this mindset is innate or developed over time does not matter, it is merely the state of their being and neither motivation nor rewards can generate inside them the desire to work collectively as a team.
Some people are highly motivated by social interaction and the desire to work with others towards a collective effort. Obviously these individuals are at their most productive when working as part of a team. Organizational behavioral studies have shown that Asian cultures are much more likely to develop this type of collective behavior as opposed to the more individualistic behavior associated with Western cultures. It could naturally be assumed then that there may be cultural values that can determine whether people are at their most productive individually or as part of a team.
Another variable is the end reward that is involved with the task at hand. Will the rewards be greater if the team
works together towards a common goal, or are the rewards more geared toward individual performance? To the extent that the individual is motivated by the end reward, obviously his or her performance inside of a team may be more or less productive with respect to the entire team, depending on how the performance is rewarded. Individual goals may interfere with the group performance. Synergies may not be achieved because the individuals are not working towards a whole "sum" but rather towards an individual reward. Productivity thus will vary for each person as a team member or as an individual depending on the degree to which that person is motivated by an individual or overall team reward.
Finally, the degree of productivity of a person will depend upon the type of team that is organized. Is the group
composed of equally contributing individuals? Does the group have an outstanding leader that can motivate both the individuals and the team as a whole? From a pure productivity standpoint, the presence or absence of a charismatic and exceptional leader can make all the difference whether a person would be more productive as a part of a team or as an individual. Personality types that work well together can prove to be much more productive as part of a team than as individuals, and vice versa.
Fundamentally, measures of productivity depend greatly on the individuals themselves. The dilemma facing leaders in all areas of life is how to best assess these individuals to determine how to best harness their capabilities to reach their ultimate productive capabilities. Whether a person is more productive alone or while working in concert with
others is one of the great challenges that leaders and managers must face to accomplish tasks effectively and efficiently.
观点陈述型作文/[题目]
"当人们以团队的形式工作时，要比以孤军奋战的形式来得更加富有成效。团队的协同工作需要相互合作，它比个人竞争更能激励人们。"
[范文正文]
总体而言，团队的协同工作自然能通过"增效作用"(Synergy)这一理念而带来更高程度的整体生产效率，因为在这里，整体大于个体相加之总和。然则，"当人们以团队的形式工作时，要比以孤军奋战的形式来得更加富有成效"这一观念注定会产生巨大差异，取决于所组织起来的团队的类别，团队与个人所能获得的终极回报或激励，以及个人本身。
关于个人，有些人天生就具有获取成功的欲望，无论他们所面临的情形或任务是什么。这些人会演变为工作狂这一经典的"A类"人格，因为受到一股内心的热火所驱使，这股热火时刻告诉他们必须不停地"有所事事"，无论是作为个人抑或是作为团队的一分子。另一些人则可能希望不必那么多地介入社会，或者他们倾向于与其他人激烈竞争。对这些人而言，作为个人，他们工作起来会最富有成效，因为由于他们根本就不想成为任何团队的一部分，与他人合作便会限制他们的效率。这一思想倾向是否与生俱有，还是随着时间的推移而形成，这都无关紧要。这仅仅只是他们的一种生存状态，无论是动机还是回报，都无法在其内心深处激发起作为一个团队集体工作的欲望。
有些人，由于社会互动以及与他人协作去实现某种集体努力的欲望，而具有极强的动机。显然，这些个人在作为团队的一部分进行工作时，他们便会处在其最富有成效的状态。组织行为学研究表明，亚洲文化更有可能形成此类集体性行为，与那种常和西方文化联系在一起的较为个人主义的行为构成对比。这样，人们自然会认为，某些文化价值观可以决定人们是否作为个人还是作为团队的一部分工作起来最富有成效。
以上就是新GRE作文范文的介绍，希望考生们能够在新GRE写作范文中获取一些GRE作文的写作经验以及方法，并且多加练习自己的新GRE作文，争取取得理想的新GRE作文成绩。
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