篇一：英语语法：强调句
英语语法：强调句
一、强调句英语中有时为了需要，经常要强调句子中的某一成分，要用到一些强调句型。
强调句型的基本结构是：
It is/was + 被强调部分(主语、宾语、宾语补足语或状语等) + that/who（当强调主语且主语指人）+句子的其余部分
①连接词
一般说来，如果被强调部分是人时，用连词that或who；被强调的部分是宾语，指人时也可以用whom；如果被强调部分是物，只能用连词that。
It was John and Mike who/that saw Mary in the street last night. 约翰和迈克昨晚在路上看到了玛丽。
It is Mary whom/ who he often helps .
他经常帮助玛丽。
It was in the street that I met him yesterday.
我昨天在路上碰到了他。
②不同的强调成分
正是玛丽昨天在路上遇到一个乞丐。
It was Mary who/that met an old beggar in the street yesterday. (强调主语)
玛丽昨天在路上遇到一个乞丐。
It was an old beggar whom/that Mary met in the street yesterday.
(强调宾语)
正是昨天玛丽在路上遇到一个乞丐。
It was yesterday that Mary met an old beggar in the street.
(强调时间状语)
昨天正是在路上玛丽遇到一个乞丐。
It was in the street that Mary met an old beggar yesterday.
(强调地点状语)
注意： 有时，be前可使用表示推测的情态动词。如：It must be Peter who has let this secret out.一定是彼得将这个秘密泄露出去的。It might be last night that they did their homework.他们也许是昨晚做完作业的。
③时态
如果原句中谓语动词使用的是现在范畴的时态(一般现在时、现在进行时、现在完成/现在完成进行时、一般将来时、将来进行时、将来完成时等)，用It is...that...如果原句中谓语动词为过去范畴的时态(一般过去时、过去进行时、过去完成时、过去将来时等)，则用It was...that...
It's Mary who/that meets an old beggar in the street.
正是玛丽经常在路上见到乞丐。
It's Mary who/that is doing the housework.
正是玛丽正在做家务。
It's Mary who/that has done such terrible things.
正是玛丽做了这件可怕的事情。
It's Mary who/that will have finished this task by the next week. 正是玛丽下个礼拜将会完成这个任务。
It's Mary who/that will be going to America.
正是玛丽将要去美国。
It's Mary who/that will go to see the doctor tomorrow.
正是玛丽明天要去看病。
④总结
构成强调句的it本身没有词义；
强调句中的连接词一般只用that， who，即使在强调时间状语和地点状语时也如此，that， who不可省略；
强调句中的时态只用两种，一般现在时和一般过去时。
原句谓语动词是一般过去时、过去完成时和过去进行时，用It was …… ，其余的时态用It is …… .
二、区分强调句与其他类型从句（主、定、状）
① 强调句与主语从句的区别
“It is / was + 形容词 / 分词 /+ that从句”
是主语从句，
它译成中文时不可加上 “正是……”“就是……”之类字眼，若删去“It is / was...that...”，则原句不成立。
而强调句型若删去“It is / was...that / who...”，
原句结构与语意均完整，
译成中文时，常可加上“正是……”“就是……”之类字眼。It 为形式主语，等于that后跟部分。
It is true that he is honest. (主语从句)
他真的很诚实。
It is known to all that China is a country with a long history. (主语从句) 众所周知，中国是一个历史悠久的国家。It was here that he fell off his bicycle.(强调句)
这正是他从自行车上摔下来的地方。
几种易混句式与强调句②含有定语从句的强调句型 (在被强调的名词后再设计一个以该名词为先行词的定语从句，这时不要把定语从句当作强调句)。
It was this school where (in which) he once studied that gave him a chance of teaching.正是这所他曾经学习过的学校给了他教学的机会。 ③强调句型与状语从句的区别
It was at 7:00 that I arrived.(强调句型，强调时间状语at 7:00)
正是在7:00时， 我到了。
It was 7:00 when I arrived.(时间状语从句，在7:00前无介词at)
当我到达时， 时间是7:00。
It was two years ago that I began to learn drawing.(强调句型，前后时态一致)
正是在两年前我开始学习绘画。
It is(has been) two years since I began to learn drawing.(since引导的时间状语从句，前后时态不一致)
自从我学习绘画以来已经有两年了。
It was two years before they came to see us.(时间状语从句)
过了两年后他们才来看我们。
It was two years later that they came to see us.(强调句型)
正是两年后他们才来看我们的。
It won’t be long before we graduate from the school. (时间状语从句) 不久我就将毕业了。
It will be two years before we graduate from this university. (时间状语从句)再过两年我们就将大学毕业了。
三、强调三关：疑问句，主谓一致，感叹句
①强调含有not until的句子在强调not until句型时，not 位于until从句前，主句谓语动词作相应变化，即it is(was)+not until从句+that +其它。 e.g. 普通句：He didn't go to bed until/ till his wife came back. 强调句：It was not until his wife came back that he went to bed. 直到妻子回家了，他才上床休息。
It was not until he had finished the work that he went home.
直到完成了作业，他才回家。
It was not until 12 o’clock last night that my brother came home.
篇二：英语语法-强调句
英语强调句小结
强调句子的方法有四种：
I.倒装结构
1.用在以never, hardly, not only, nor, seldom, little, rarely, not until, hardly…when.
no sooner …than 等表示否定意义或半否定意义的副词或词组开头的句子中。
(1) No sooner had he gone to bed than he fell asleep.
(2) Not only did Lincoln set the slaves free, he also reunited the nation.
(3) Not until the early years of the 19th century did man know what the heat is .
(4) Not until I began to work did I realize how much time I had wasted.
(5) Not until all the fish died in the river did the villagers realize how serious the pollution was.
2.表语提前，不仅可以表示强调， 而且可使句子结构达到平衡协调， 使带有较长修饰语 的主语放到句子的后部， 以避免头重脚轻。
(6)Such is the little of our home in space when measured up against the total substance of the universe.
3.从属连词as, however, though 等可引出强调让步状语从句， 表示非常强烈的对照。
(7)Busy as he always is, Bob never refuses to help others.
(8)However late she is, mother will wait for him to have dinner together.
4.当only与它所修饰的状语一起位于句首时， 须用倒装语序， only起强调作用。其句形为“only + 状语+ 部分倒装语序”。
(9)Only in this way can you make progress in your English.
II. It引出强调结构
1.为了强调句子的某个成分（主语，宾语，状语）， 常用强调结构：“It is (was) +被强调部分+that(who)…”。 在强调句中作主句的主语。
(10)It was at the gate that he told me the news.
(11)Was it during the Second World War that he died?
(12)It was about 600 years ago that the first clock with a face and an hour hand was made. It was only when I reread his poems recently that I began to appreciate their beauty.
2.为了加强语气，我们可以将not until用在It be …that ,…”强调句型中， 组成
“It be not until…that…” 结构，not 的否定功能仍不变， 用来否定后面的谓语动词。
(14)It was not until she took off her dark glasses that I realized she was a famous film star.
(15)It was not until 1920 that regular radio broadcasts began
3.It is /was /will be (not) years /months/ weeks/ days/hours/minutes/seconds before….
很就（不久）。。。。。。才（就）。。。
(16)It was not long before the policeman caught the thief.
(17)I lost my job and it was several months before I found another one.
III.双重否定结构
双重否定结构是由否定词not, never, nobody, nothing 等与带否定意义的词或词组相配 合而构成的。 双重否定即否定的否定， 实质是肯定， 而且语气较为强烈。
(18）One is never too old to learn.
(19)I don’t think it possible to master a foreign language without much memory work.
(20)Without knowledge of science and technology, it is impossible to build our country into a strong and socialist country.
(21)Unless he comes. We won’t be able to go.
IV. Do(does/did)引出强调句
1.在肯定句的谓语动词之前（通常是现在时和过去时的肯定句）， 可用助动词do(does/did) 来
强调动词,这时谓语动词须用原形动词。Do(does/did)可译成“确实”“的确”。
(22)To my great joy,, the plant did look exactly like what we were looking for.
(23)He does work hard and finish the job in time.
2.在肯定的祈使句中，用动词do来加强语气，可译成“务必，一定，千万”
(24)Do come and see us some day.
(25)Do give her my regards.
篇三：英语语法之强调句
英语语法之强调句
我们在说话或写文章时，为了要突出句子中的某一部分，我们通常会使用某种方法或手段使它突出，以便能引起他人的注意，这就是强调，与此相关的句子就是强调句。英语表示强调的方法很多，比如在口语中可以用重读来强调，在书面语中则可通过使用表示强调意义的词语来强调，也可以通过将被强调成分置于句首这样的“显要”位置来强调，还可以使用专门的强调句式来强调。
■用助动词do来强调
当句子中没有其他的助动词时，我们可以在动词前使用助动词do表示对该动词的强调。如：
Do be careful with that vase! 务必小心那个花瓶!
I do hope you’ll stay for lunch. 我真的希望你留下吃午饭。
用于表示强调的do可以有时态的变化，但其后的动词要用原形。如：
He does look tired. 他确实显得很疲倦。
He did come but soon went back. 他的确来过，但很快就回去了。
She did write to say thank you. 她的确写信向你道谢了。
注意，这样用的do只用于现在时或过去式(即只有do, does, did这样的形式)，不能用于进行时、完成时等形式(如不用于is doing, has done等)。
■用某些形容词来强调
英语中用于强调的形容词比较多，比如那些表示“极端”和“完全”概念的形容词通常就可以用于表示强调，这类形容词主要的有：
mere 仅仅的very 极端的
outright 完全的 thorough 十足的
plain 完全的 complete 彻底的
pure 完全的 perfect 全然的
Jim looked a perfect fool. 吉姆看起来像一个十足的傻瓜。
At that very moment the phone rang. 正好在那个时候电话铃响了。
We gave the room a thorough cleaning. 我们把房间彻底打扫了一番。
■用某些副词来强调
英语中有不少副词可以用于表示强调，比如only就是其中的一个。如：
You may put the meeting off only when it is absolutely necessary. 你们可以把会议推迟，但只是在绝对必要时才能这样做。
试比较：
Only I kissed her last night. 昨晚只有我吻了她。
I only kissed her last night. 昨晚只是吻了她。
I kissed only her last night. 昨晚我吻的只有她。
I kissed her only last night [last night only]. 我只是在昨晚才吻了她。
■用句首位置来强调
在英语中，句首位置是通常用于表示强调的一个地方，当某个本来不应置于句首的成分放在句首，往往会对这个成分构成强调。比较：
普通：He kept this job twenty years. 这个工作他做了20年。
强调：This job he kept twenty years. 他做这个工作做了20年。
普通：The students can understand this. 学生们是理解这一点的。
强调：This the students can understand. 这一点学生们是理解的。
普通：I know that she is a good girl. 我知道她是一个好姑娘。
强调：That she is a good girl I know. 她是一个好姑娘，我是知道的。
普通：Press the red button to switch on. 请按红色按钮开机。
强调：To switch on, press red button. 要开机，请按红色按钮。
■用定语从句来强调
有时我们可以使用定语从句来对一个名词进行强调，如用the person who, the thing that, the place where, the day when, the reason why这样的结构，把需要强调的名词与定语从句连在一起。比较：
普通：Mary keeps pigs in the garden shed. 玛丽在花园的棚子里养猪。
强调：Mary is the person who keeps pigs in the garden shed. 玛丽就是在花园的棚子里养猪的那个人。(强调Mary)
强调：The garden shed is the place where Mary keeps pigs. 花园里的棚子就是玛丽养猪的地方。(强调the garden shed)
强调：The place where Mary keeps pigs is the garden shed. 玛丽养猪的地方是花园里的棚子。(强调the place where Mary keeps pigs)
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