篇一：英语写作文常用逻辑关联词
英语写作文常用逻辑关联词，副词和语气的表达
经过长期积累，笔者把在英语写作文的过程中，常用的比较实用的逻辑关联词和重要的逻辑性副词的用法总结如下。主要包括以下几个大的部分。
（一）、 大的逻辑顺序关系
（二）、 转折
（三）、 条件、结果
（四）、 让步（五）程度副词与语气
几乎
（一）、大的逻辑顺序关系（逻辑副词）
in the first place. Firstly
in the second place, secondly
first
second
lastly
firstly
secondly
to begin with
furthermore
finally
in the long run最终
at long last终于at long last, I
go to the length of doing such things竟做出这种事
at length终于
从根本上说
（二）、转折
even as 1、恰在……时，尽管Latin America is a classic example where outside the Uruguay round(even as they were negotiating the Uruguay round)rather than looking for payments, they were absolutely dropping their tariff levels all over Latin America.
2、正如：It happened even as we expected.
Even so,即使如此。
Even if（though）
As for
As of
As to the feasibility of landing a fly saucer
For all（尽管）its harshness and irrationality(不合理), it is the only world we’ve got.
（三）、条件
On the ground of: 以……为借口
The government of Sudan resorted to flogging鞭子，鞭打 protesters Tuesday as new bread riots shocked the capital Khartoum. The court ordered 35 people, most of them students, flogged for allegedly instigating鼓动violent protesters over bread shortages. Bakeshops refuse to bake bread on the ground of the new government regulation on the weight of loaf make bread unprofitable.
按……考虑 in the light of the
in the shadow of adv. 在...附近
除了…… other than:
You can’t go there other than by boat = except
I wish her other than she is. = anything but.
注意：none other than表示不是别的，正是……，如
The new arrival was none other than the president.来者不是别人，正是总统。
对他来说，创造本质上是从无到有地创造事物的能力。
时空条件：
So far, as yet, thus far
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3楼
（2）特别地： I noticed his eyes, in particular, because they w
ere very large.
?
? SD冷风(3)只是，正是：That is nothing but an aggression. 只是侵略。
? 位粉丝 （4）在这方面：in this regard.
(5)从许多方面来说：in many ways
在积极的方面：in a positive way.
（6）在更基本的意义上说 in a more basic sense
(7)就其新型电梯来说：For its new elevator
对东欧国家的普通雇员来说：For the rank and file employe
es,
本身：the exercise of choice is in itself tiresome.
(8)其实：in fact, in practice,
as a matter of fact, I do know her.
(9)老实说：joke apart, we must do it.
(10)常言说：as the saying goes; as the proverb runs.
(11)正如他所说：as Jefferson put it…
As it turned out…
As I see…
(12)毫不客气地说：in all immodesty, I know all about the tr
ade.
(13)碰巧：as luck would have it, our team won the match.
(14)据说：
Allege vt. 断言，宣称（尤指无证明的）It is alleged that…..
据说
Allegedly 据说，This is allegedly the case.
Over allegation that …
例如： The US Supreme court allowed a shooting victim’s fa
mily to sue filmmaker Oliver Stone over allegations that thei
r fictional movie “Natural born killers” inspired a real-life cri
me.
从不同角度：Consider the matter from various angles.
from her point of view, 但in my opinion
2、概括化：在更总体的水平上On a more aggregate level
总之generally speaking
In general; in principle<-?in practice
In large ?
at large未被捕; 逍遥自在。笼统地, 含糊地
by and large总的来说, 大体上
in (the) large大规模地; 一般地
In the main 大体上
3、表逻辑关系的插入语
让步插入语：A united Europe will become a superpower ear
ly in the 21th century, if not sooner.
US’s economy had few, if any, serious competitors.
（五）程度副词与语气
大约
A matter of (1)关于……的问题
（2）与数词连用，表示大约
It was only a matter of 5 minutes before we reach there.
其实
As a matter of fact, I do know her.
In practice, in fact.其实
几乎：
It was all but impossible for Indians to get even a fair educati
on.
There was practically(实际上) one room in it, and the roo
m was practically（almost, very nearly） full.
程度副词如下：
Anything but(根本不)=other than
None other than≈nothing but只不过，that is nothing but an a
ggression.
All but 几乎
有几分，在某种程度上：in a way: He is handsome in a way.
In a sense
似乎：seemingly 似乎真实的表面
Presumably大概
Currently普遍地，通常地
Decidedly 明确地
Clearly明显地
极，很：We are badly in need of water.
I am terribly sorry to trouble you; it’s dreadful late.
I am awfully sorry to trouble you; it’s dreadful late.
She is a frightfully nice girl.
极为，过度
They are exceedingly hospitable 极为好客
They are excessively hospitable 过分好客
过分地: egregious
The lawsuit alleged leaks of private information on Li Wenhe
李文和 were “especially egregious”.
简直：He literally flew into room.
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? 共有3篇贴子
As yet迄今（未）Nobody as yet has defined for an example fully what they mean by labour rights.例如迄今还没有人对劳动权是何意作出充分的定义。
不再：are no longer
Thus far迄今为止：She has had good luck thus far.到目前为此她事事顺利。
Thus much至少这些：Thus much is certain.这些是确实的。
结果是：It fell out that they were late for the train.
不料：He arrived at the station, only to find that the train had left.
碰巧：As luck would have it, our team won the match.
正是：The new arrival was none other than the president.
（四）、让步
（1）连什么都不，更不用说什么
He won’t even to thank you, let alone pay you. 连谢谢都不说，更不用说还给你钱了。 He speaks French, not to mention English. 更不用说
We defy death, not to speak of hardship.更不用说艰苦了。
He is cool, not to say hostile.虽然不能说。
篇二：常见的逻辑关联词用法
seeing英音：['si:i?]美音：['si? ?]连接词 conj. 1. 鉴于,由于;因为 Seeing (that) it is 10 o'clock, we'll wait no longer. 由于时间已到十点,我们不再等了last but not least英音：[,lɑ:st b?t ,n? 'li:st] t美音：[,l?st b?t ,nɑt 'list]1. 最后但并非最不重要的(一点) Last but not least, we must thank our host for his hospitality. 最后但并非最不重要的一点是,我们得感谢主人的热情好客。since then 自那以后 例句: I haven't seen him since then. 从那时候起我就再没见过他。 Since then, he has developed another had habit. 自那以后，它养成了另一个坏习惯。 I moved away from the North not long after, so most of my Rugby League since then has been viewed on the small screen. 不久我便搬离了北方，自那以后，我的橄榄球竞赛联合会的多数成员都已在电视上亮相了。afterwards ['ɑ:ft?w?dz] adv.以后, 后来 例句: When it came to cleaning up afterwards, the boys were conspicuous by their absence. 后来轮到做卫生时,这些男孩却不在场,引起了大家的注意。 His heart stopped beating and he died soon afterwards. 他心脏停止了跳动，随即死亡。 Afterwards she relented and let the children stay up late to watch TV. 後来她宽容了些，让孩子们晚睡看电视。 being that 因为He was always late on principle, his principle being that punctuality is the thief of time. 原则上他一向迟到，他的原则就是认为守候等于浪费时间in that 1. 因为英音：[in 'e?t]美音：[? 'e?t] nThis book is different from that book in that this one is about chemistry and that one about history. 这本书不同于那本,因为这本是有关化学的,而那本是有关历史的。owing to 由于, 因为 例句: Owing to a strange mental aberration he forgot his own name. 由于一种莫名的精神错乱,他把自己的名字忘了。 Owing to their intransigent attitude we were unable to reach an agreement. 由于他们态度僵硬,我们无法达成协议。 Some roads are closed owing to drifting. 有些道路因积雪而封闭。due to prep.因为, 由于 例句: The television station apologized for the interference, which was due to bad weather conditions. 电视台为出现的干扰表示歉意，那是由于恶劣的天气状况造成的。 His successes were largely due to luck. 他的成功主要靠运气。 Our new washing-machine keeps breaking down it's entirely due to shoddy workmanship. 我们的新洗衣机老出毛病－－完全是因为做的质量太差 in view of 1. 鉴于;考虑到英音：[in 'vju: ?v]美音：[? 'vju ?v] nIn view of this, we'll start earlier. 考虑到这点,我们将提早开始thus [e? s] adv.这样, 如此, 因此, 从而 例句: It was already rather late, thus we decide to urge the customer. 已经相当晚了，所以我们决定催促客户。 It ill behoves Anne (ie She ought not) to speak thus o
f her benefactor. 安不应该这样谈论她的恩人。 He forgot to turn on the radio and thus missed the program. 他忘了打开收音机，因此错过了那个节目。hence 副词 ad.英音：[hens]美音：[h? ns]1. 【书】因此;由此 This is a gold necklace, hence it is expensive. 这是根金项链,因此很贵。 2. 【书】从现在;从这时起;从此 The railroad will open at the end of the decade, two years hence. 这条铁路本世纪末通车,离现在还有两年时间。 3. 【书】从今世;从此生 go/depart hence 去世 4. 【书】从这地方;离此地in consequence 1. 结果英音：[in 'k? nsikw?ns]美音：[? 'kɑns?,kw? n ns]She studied hard, and in consequence she passed the examination. 她努力学习,结果通过了考试。 therefore ['e? f? ? :] adv.因此, 所以 例句: The committee had been improperly constituted, and therefore had no legal power. 该委员会的建立不合规定，因而没有合法的权力。 The lazy girl is dreaming of marrying a millionaire and therefore won't do any work. 这个懒惰的女孩正梦想着嫁给一个有钱人，从此不再工作。 He was very tired, and therefore he didn't give the market report. 他非常疲倦，所以没能作市场报告。accordingly 副词 ad. 1. 照着;相应地英音：[?'k? :di?li]美音：[?'k? ?l? rd? ]Learn the rules and act accordingly. 学会这些规则,然后就照着做。 2. 因此;于是 He was too sick to stay. Accordingly, we sent him home. 他身体欠安,不能呆下去了,于是我们便派人把他送回家去。inevitably 副词 ad.英音：[in'evit?bli]美音：[? v?t?bl? n'? ]1. 不可避免地;必然地 Inevitably he failed the exam, because he was lazy. 因为他很懒惰,考试当然不及格thereupon 副词 ad. 1. 因此,于是英音：['e? r?'p? ? n]美音：[,e? ɑn] r?'pThe watch was found in his bag; thereupon he was accused of stealing. 在他的袋子里发现了表,因此他被指控偷窃。 2. 随即,立即 The police arrived. Thereupon the mob scattered. 警察来了,这群乌合之众也随之散去。 3. 在其上;关于那 The knight carried a shield with a cross painted thereupon. 骑士拿着绘着十字的盾牌。even so 1. 即使如此英音：['i:v?n ,s?u]美音：['iv?n ,so]The book is rather old; even so, it is very useful. 这本书已很旧,尽管如此,它还是很有用。independent of英音：[,indi'pend?nt ?v]美音：[,? nd? nd?nt ?v] 'p?1. 不受...的支配;不依赖...的 If you have a car you are independent of trains and buses. 你要是有辆汽车就不受火车和公共汽车的支配了。yet英音：[jet]美音：[j? t]副词 ad. 1. (用于否定句)还(没) The moon has not risen yet. 月亮还没有升起。 2. (用于疑问句)现在,已经 Has he finished the work yet? 那工作他做完了没有? 3. 总有一天,终必 He will suffer for fun yet. 他总有
一天会因贪玩吃苦头。 4. (与比较级连用)更,益发 That job is yet more demanding. 那个工作甚至更加费力。 5. (与 once,another 等连用)再 I have yet another question to ask. 我还有一个问题要问。 6. (与最高级连用)到目前(或当时)为止(最...) 7. 而,然而 My room is small yet cosy. 我的房间很小,但很舒适。 8. 依然,还 There is hope for her yet. 她的事仍有希望。连接词 conj. 1. 可是,却,然而 I don't know him, yet I can get his help. 我不认识他,但我会得到他的帮助。furthermore 副词 ad. 1. 而且,此外,再者英音：['f?:e?'m? :]美音：['f? 'mor] e?Furthermore, he felt that he wasn't really an authority on preventive medicine. 此外,他觉得自己并不真正是预防医学的权威。 He is inefficient, and furthermore he is innocent of any sense of responsibility. 他办事效率很低,而且没有丝毫责任感moreover [m? :r'?uv?] adv.此外, 而且 例句: "The price is too high, and moreover, the house isn't in a suitable position." ＂房价太高，而且房屋的地点也不太合适。＂ I don't like skating, moreover, the ice is too thin. 我不喜欢滑冰，而且冰又太薄。 The composition is a not well written, and moreover, there are many spelling mistakes in it. 这篇作文写得不好,而且还有许多拼写错误。still still1英音：[stil]美音：[st? l]副词 ad. 1. 还,仍旧 Her grandmother is still living. 她祖母仍然健在。 They are still working in the fields. 他们还在田里工作。 2. 尽管如此,然而;(虽然...)还是 He is good-natured, still I don't like him. 他脾气很好,可是我还是不喜欢他。 3. (强调比较级)还要,更 It's hot today, but it'll be still hotter tomorrow. 今天很热,但明天会更热。 The sick child looks still worse today than yesterday. 那个病童的情况今天看起来比昨天更不妙。 4. 还有? in addition [in?'di? n] adv.另外, 此外 例句: In addition (to the names on the list) there are six other applicants. 除此(名单上的名字)之外，还有六个申请人。 In addition to a diet, she pursues various exercises on TV. 节食以外她还随电视做体操。 In addition to an album, I gave him a pen and a pencil. 除了一本照相簿外，我还给了他一支钢笔和一支铅笔。 ?Additionally, many sociologists and social workers believed that the immigration of eastern and southern Europeans created grave social problems. 另外,许多社会学家和社会工作者认为,东、南欧移民带来了重大的社会问题。-- 英汉-辞典例句?Additionally, some sweeping statements were made in some published reports. 另外,一些发表的报告叙述有些夸大。meanwhile 名词 n.英音：['mi:n'hwail]美音：['min,hwa? l]1. 其时,其间[the S] In the meanwhile I'll visit an old friend of mine. 在这期间我将去拜访我的一位老朋友。副词 ad. 1. 其间
;同时 Mother went shopping; meanwhile, I cleaned the house. 母亲去买东西;我打扫屋子。likewise英音：['laikwaiz]美音：['la? k,wa? z]副词 ad. 【书】 1. 同样地,照样地 I told him to watch me and do likewise. 我叫他仔细看着我,并且照样做。 2. 也,亦,又 To achieve this goal, you must have ambition; likewise you need to exert great efforts. 要实现这一目标,你必须有雄心壮志,同时还得十分努力。 apart from adj.缺少, 除 ... 以外, 且不说 例句: She keeps herself apart from (ie does not mix with) other people. 她与别人保持距离(不与别人混在一起). Apart from the injuries to his face and hands, he broke both legs. 他除了脸部和双手受伤以外，两条腿也断了。 His use of language sets him apart from most other modern writers. 他对语言的运用在现代作家中别具一格。notwithstanding 介词 prep. 1. 【书】 尽管英音：['n? twiθ'st?ndi?]美音：['nɑtw? θ'st?nd? ?]Notwithstanding the bad weather, the match went on. 尽管天气很糟,比赛还是照常进行。副词 ad. 1. 【书】 尽管,还是 Her parents tried to prevent the marriage but the wedding took place notwithstanding. 她父母试图阻止这桩婚姻,尽管如此,婚事还是办了。连接词 conj. 1. 【书】 虽然,尽管 Notwithstanding he tried hard, he failed in chemistry. 尽管很努力,他化学考试还是没及格。whereas英音：[hw? r'?z] ?美音：[hw? r'?z]连接词 conj. 1. (公文用语,常用在句首)鉴于 Whereas the following incidents have occurred ... 鉴于下列事件业已发生... 2. 反之;却;而 Some people like fatty meat, whereas others hate it. 有些人喜欢肥肉,而有些人却不喜欢。naturally 副词 ad.英音：['n?t? r?li] ?美音：['n?t? r?l? ? ]1. 天生地,天然地 Her hair curls naturally. 她的头发天然卷曲。 2. 自然地 He spoke naturally in front of the television camera. 他在电视摄像机前说话自然。 3. 当然 Naturally you will want to discuss it with your wife. 当然,你要与你妻子讨论这事。?Education is a good thing, other things being equal. 如没有其他特殊情况.教育一般来说是一件好事。by definition 根据定义, 就定义来看 例句: By definition the capital is the political and cultural center of a country. 根据定义，首都是一个国家的政治文化中心。definitely 副词 ad. 1.英音：['definitli]美音：['d? f?n? ] tl? 明确地;明显地,清楚地 I cannot say definitely until I see Hunt. 我要等见过亨特后才能有个明确的说法。 2. 肯定地;当然 He is definitely coming. 他一定会来的。not to mention 1. 更不必说英音：[,n? t? 'men? n] t ?美音：[,nɑt t? 'm? ? n ?n]It's far too late for you to go out and play football, not to mention the fact that it's raining. 你现在出去踢足球太晚了,何况又正在下雨。
lest [lest] conj.惟恐, 以免, 担心 例句: Beware your hat, lest it should be blown away. 当心你的帽子别被吹走。 He took a flashlight lest it should get dark before he returned. 为了预防回来以前天就黑了，所以他带着手电筒。 Hide it lest he (should) see it. 把它藏起来免得他看见。in this sense 从这个意义上讲on that account 由于那个缘故 例句: It was raining and on that account I wore a hat. 天正在下雨，因此我戴了一顶帽子。 at length 1. 最后,终于英音：[?t 'le?θ]美音：[?t 'l? ?θ]At length, we began to understand what she wanted. 最后,我们总算弄清楚她到底要什么。 2. 详细地 He talked at length about his work. 他详细地谈了他的工作。whereupon英音：[,hw? r?'p? ? n]美音：[,hw? ɑn] r?'p副词 ad. 【书】 1. 在那上面;据此 We have a constitution whereupon the country runs its government. 我们有一部国家赖以施政的宪法。 2. 因此,于是;随之 They got into a quarrel, whereupon she left him. 他们吵了一架,之后她就离开了他。then英音：[een]美音：[e? n]副词 ad. 1. 那时,当时 He worked in that factory then. 他那时在那个工厂工作。 2. 然后,接着 They chatted for a while and then went to work. 他们聊了一会儿,然后上班去了。 3. 那么,既然这样 When will the manager be available, then? 那么经理什么时候可以接见我呢? 4. 于是,所以 He, then, decided to accept the proposal. 于是,他决定接受这一建议。 5. 此外,还有 The applicant has had some experience in this kind of work, and then he is easy to get along with. 那位申请人以前做过这种工作,另外此人很容易相处。形容词 a. 1. 当时的[B] The rule was laid down by the then chairman of the committee. 那条规章是当时的委员会主席订下的。名词 n. 1. 那时,当时[U] We waited for him till then. 我们等他等到那个时候。nonetheless 副词 ad. 1. 但是;仍然英音：[,n? ne?'les]美音：[,n? ne?'l? s]连接词 conj. 1. 但是;仍然
篇三：【托福阅读】常见的逻辑关联词
(一) 因果关系
+原因
because / because of
owing to / due to
attribute X to Y / ascribe to
,for / as /since /Given/ factor
thanks to /on account of
in that /result from
reason / explanation / sb. explained that… by virtue of / in virtue of /for the sake of in view of …/in the light of ..
contributor
+结果
so / so that
therefore / thus /hence/thereby as a result
as a consequence consequently / accordingly
thereupon / whereupon / ergo result in /lead to
account for
contribute to / give rise to / bring about use X to explain Y/ be responsible for … …., doing 从句（结果）
转折关系：
however / but
although / though
still / yet / while(虽然) / whereas（然而）
比较关系
by contrast contrary to
compared with / comparison while / whereas
常见比较级
No less… than… / no more… than …/ more..than.. /not A so much as B rather than
例证关系
for instance
for example in this / that case
as happened/ as occurred such as
like
in many instances
让步(=支持)
Even if + 假设情况
Even though + 真实情况
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