篇一：英语语法之形容词
形容词及其用法
形容词修饰名词，说明事物或人的性质或特征。通常，可将形容词分成性质形容词和叙述形容词两类，
其位置不一定都放在名词前面。
1）直接说明事物的性质或特征的形容词是性质形容词，它有级的变化，可以用程度副词修饰，在句中可作
定语、表语和补语。例如：hot。
2）叙述形容词只能作表语，所以又称为表语形容词。这类形容词没有级的变化，也不可用程度副词修饰。
大多数以a开头的形容词都属于这一类。例如：afraid 害怕的。
（错） He is an ill man.
（对） The man is ill.
（错） She is an afraid girl.
（对） The girl is afraid.
这类词还有： well，unwell，ill，faint，afraid，alike，alive，alone，asleep，awake 等。
3）形容词作定语修饰名词时，要放在名词的前边。但是如果形容词修饰以-thing为字尾的词语时，要放
在这些词之后。例如：something nice.
4.2 以-ly结尾的形容词
1） 大部分形容词加-ly可构成副词。但 friendly，deadly，lovely，lonely，likely，lively，ugly，brotherly，仍为形容词。
改错： （错） She sang lovely.
（错） He spoke to me very friendly.
（对） Her singing was lovely.
（对） He spoke to me in a very friendly way.
2）有些以-ly 结尾既为形容词，也为副词，如daily，weekly，monthly，yearly，early等。例如： The Times is a weekly paper. 《时代周刊》为周刊。
The Times is published weekly. 《时代周刊》每周发行一期。
4.3 用形容词表示类别和整体
1） 某些形容词加上定冠词可以泛指一类人，与谓语动词的复数连接，如the dead，the living，the rich，
the poor，the blind，the hungry等。例如：
The poor are losing hope. 穷人行将失去希望。
2） 有关国家和民族的形容词加上定冠词指这个民族的整体，与动词的复数连用，如the British，the
English，the French，the Chinese等。例如：
The English have wonderful sense of humor. 英国人颇有幽默感。
4.4 多个形容词修饰名词的顺序
多个形容词修饰名词时，其顺序为：限定词--数词--描绘词--（大小，长短，形状，新旧，颜色）--
出处--材料性质--类别--名词。例如：
a small round table/ a tall gray building/ a dirty old brown shirt/ a famous German medical school/ an expensive Japanese sports car
典型例题:
1） Tony is going camping with ___ boys.
A. little two other B. two little other C. two other little D. little other two 答案：C。由"限定词--数词--描绘词--（大小，长短，形状，新旧，颜色） --性质--名词"的顺序可
知数词，描绘词，性质依次顺序，只有C符合答案。
2） One day they crossed the ____bridge behind the palace.
A. old Chinese stone B. Chinese old stone C. old stone Chinese D. Chinese stone old 答案A. 几个形容词修饰一个名词，他们的排列顺序是：年龄，形状，大小+颜色+来源+质地+用途+国家+名词。
3） ---- How was your recent visit to Qingdao?
---- It was great. We visited some friends，and spent the ___days at the seaside.
A. few last sunny B. last few sunny C. last sunny few D. few sunny last
答案：B。本题考查多个形容词的排序问题。一般与被修饰形容词关系密切的形容词靠近名词；如果几个形容词的重要性差不多，音节少的形容词在前，音节多的方在后，在不能确定时，可参照：限定词+数量词（序数词在前，基数词在后）+性状形容词+大小、长短、高低等形体+新旧+颜色+国籍+材料+名词，如those + three + beautiful + large + square +old + brown + wood + table。
4.5 副词及其基本用法
副词主要用来修饰动词，形容词，副词或其他结构。
一、副词的位置
1） 在动词之前。
2） 在be动词、助动词之后。
3） 多个助动词时，副词一般放在第一个助动词后。
注意：
a. 大多数方式副词位于句尾，但宾语过长，副词可以提前，以使句子平衡。例如：
We could see very clearly a strange light ahead of us.我们清楚地看到前面有奇怪的光。b. 方式副词well，badly，hard等只放在句尾。例如：
He speaks English well. 他英语说得好。
二、副词的排列顺序：
1） 时间，地点副词，小单位的在前，大单位在后。
2） 方式副词，短的在前，长的在后，并用and或but等连词连接。例如：
Please write slowly and carefully. 请写得慢一些，仔细一些
3） 多个不同副词排列：程度+地点+方式+时间副词。
注意：副词very 可以修饰形容词，但不能修饰动词。
改错：（错） I very like English.
（对） I like English very much.
注意：副词enough要放在形容词的后面，形容词enough放在名词前后都可。例如：
I don't know him well enough. 他我不熟悉。
There is enough food for everyone to eat.有足够的食物供每个人吃。
There is food enough for everyone to eat.
4.6 兼有两种形式的副词
1） close与closely
close意思是"近"；closely 意思是"仔细地"。例如：
He is sitting close to me. 他就坐在我边上。
Watch him closely. 盯着他。
2） late 与lately
late意思是"晚"；lately 意思是"最近"。例如：
You have come too late. 你来得太晚了。
What have you been doing lately? 近来好吗？
3） deep与deeply
deep意思是"深"，表示空间深度；deeply时常表示感情上的深度，"深深地"。例如：
He pushed the stick deep into the mud.他把棍子深深插进泥里。
Even father was deeply moved by the film.老爸也被电影深深打动了。
4） high与highly
high表示空间高度；highly表示程度，相当于much。例如：
The plane was flying high. 这架飞机飞得很高。
I think highly of your opinion. 你的看法很有道理。
5） wide与widely
wide表示空间宽度；widely意思是"广泛地"，"在许多地方"。例如：
He opened the door wide. 他把门开得大大的。
English is widely used in the world.英语在世界范围内广泛使用。
6） free与freely
free的意思是"免费"；freely 的意思是"无限制地"。例如：
You can eat free in my restaurant whenever you like.无论什么时候，我这饭铺免费对你开放。 You may speak freely; say what you like.你可以畅所欲言，想说什么就说什么。
4.7 形容词与副词的比较级
大多数形容词（性质形容词）和副词有比较级和最高级的变化，即原级、比较级和最高级，用来表示
事物的等级差别。原级即形容词的原形，比较级和最高级有规则变化和不规则变化两种。
1） 规则变化
4.8. as + 形容词或副词原级 + as
1）在否定句或疑问句中可用so? as。例如：
He cannot run so/as fast as you. 他没你跑得快。
2）当as? as 中间有名词时采用以下格式：as +形容词+ a +单数名词/ as + many/much +名词。例如： This is as good an example as the other is. 这个例子和另外一个一样好。
I can carry as much paper as you can. 你能搬多少纸，我也能。
3）用表示倍数的词或其他程度副词做修饰语时，放在as的前面。例如：
This room is twice as big as that one. 这房间的面积是那间的两倍。
Your room is the same size as mine. 你的房间和我的一样大。
4）倍数+ as + adj. + as <=> 倍数+ the ? + of。例如：
This bridge is three times as long as that one. 这座桥的长度是那座的三倍。
This bridge is three times the length of that one.
Your room is twice as large as mine. 你的房间是我的两倍大。
Your room is twice the size of mine.
4.9 比较级形容词或副词 + than 。例如：
You are taller than I. 你比我高。
They lights in your room are brighter than those in mine.你房间的那些灯比我房间里的亮。 注意：
1）要避免重复使用比较级。
（错） He is more cleverer than his brother.
（对） He is more clever than his brother.
（对） He is clever than his brother.
2）要避免将主语含在比较对象中。
（错） China is larger than any country in Asia.
（对） China is larger than any other countries in Asia.
3）要注意对应句型，遵循前后一致的原则。
The population of Shanghai is larger than that of Beijing.
It is easier to make a plan than to carry it out.
4）要注意定冠词在比较级中的使用。
比较：Which is larger, Canada or Australia?
Which is the larger country, Canada or Australia?
She is taller than her two sisters.
She is the taller of the two sisters.
4.10 可修饰比较级的词
1）a bit, a little, rather, much, far, by far, many, a lot, lots, a great deal, any, still, even等。
2）还可以用表示倍数的词或度量名词作修饰语。
3）以上词（除by far）外，必须置于比较级形容词或副词的前面。
典型例题：
1）---- Are you feeling ____?
---- Yes，I'm fine now.
A. any well B. any better C. quite good D. quite better
答案：B. any 可修饰比较级，quite修饰原级，well的比较级为better.
2）The experiment was____ easier than we had expected.
A. more B. much moreC. much D. more much
答案：C. much可修饰比较级，因此B，C都说得通，但easier本身已是比较级，不需more，因此C为正确答案。
3）If there were no examinations, we should have ___ at school.
A. the happiest time B. a more happier time C. much happiest time D. a much happier time
答案：D。
4.11 many, old 和 far
1） 如果后接名词时，much more +不可数名词，many more +可数名词复数。
2） old 有两种比较级和最高级形式: older/oldest 和elder/eldest。elder，eldest 只用于兄弟姐妹的长幼关系。例如：
My elder brother is an engineer. 我哥哥是个工程师。
Mary is the eldest of the three sisters. 玛丽是三姐妹中最大的。
3） far 有两种比较级，farther，further。一般father 表示距离，further表示进一步。例如：I have nothing further to say. 我没什么要说了。
4.12 the + 最高级 + 比较范围
1）形容词最高级前通常必须用定冠词 the，副词最高级前可不用。例如：
The Sahara is the biggest desert in the world. 撒哈拉沙漠是世界上最大的沙漠。
形容词most前面没有the，不表示最高级的含义，只表示"非常"。例如：
It is a most important problem. =It is a very important problem. 这是个很重要的问题。 注意：使用最高级要注意将主语包括在比较范围内。
（错） Tom is the tallest of his three brothers.
（对） Tom is the tallest of the three brothers.
2） 下列词可修饰最高级，by far, far, much, mostly, almost。例如：
This hat is nearly / almost the biggest. 这帽子差不多是最大的了。
注意：
a. very可修饰最高级，但位置与much不同。
This is the very best.
This is much the best.
b. 序数词通常只修饰最高级。例如：
Africa is the second largest continent.非洲是第二大洲。
3） 最高级的意义有时可以用比较级表示出来。例如：
Mike is the most intelligent in his class. 马克是班上最聪明的。
Mike is more intelligent than any other students in his class.
4） "否定词语+比较级"，"否定词语+ so? as"结构也可以表示最高级含义。例如：
Nothing is so easy as this. 没比这更简单的了。
=Nothing is easier than this.
=This is the easiest thing.
4.13 和more有关的词组，
1） the more?the more? 越??就越??。例如：
The harder you work，the greater progress you'll make. 越努力，进步越大。
2） more B than A=less A than B 与其说A不如说B。例如：
He is more lazy than slow at his work. = He is less slow than lazy at his work. 他工作
时，与其说是反应慢不如说是懒。
3） no more? than? 与??一样??，不比??多。例如：
The officials could see no more than the Emperor. 官员们看到的和皇帝一样多。
no less? than? 与??一样??。例如：
He is no less diligent than you. 他和你一样勤勉。
4） more than 不只是，非常。例如：
She is more than kind to us all. 她对我们非常热心。
典型例题
1）The weather in China is different from____.
A. in America B. one in America C. America
D. that in America
答案：D. 本题意为"中国的天气比美国热。"比较的是天气而不是国家，C不能选。A没有名词，后句成分不全，排除。B和D中，B中的one常用来代替可数名词，而that可车以代替不可数或抽象名词，所以选D。
2）After the new technique was introduced，the factory produced ___ tractors in 1988 as the year before.
A. as twice many B. as many twice C. twice as many D. twice many as
答案C. 此句意为"这个厂1988能生产的拖拉机是往年的两倍"。表示倍数用"倍数+ as + 形容词原形+ as +比较对象"的句型。所以此句答案为C。
形容词和副词练习
1. 1. The modern machine proved ______ in heart surgery.
a. high valuable b. highly valuable c. valuable high d. valuable highly
2. 2. Mr. Johnson and his ______ daughter do not always understand each other.
a. older b. the oldest c. eldest d. the eldest
3. 3. They ______ thought that the truth would be finally discovered.
a. little b. not c. small d. bit
4. 4. They hardly believe that the apartment which costs them $ 4,000 is ______.
a. so small b. such little c. so little d. such small
5. 5. If a claim is kept ______, it is more likely to be recognized.
a. live b. lived c. alive d. living
6. 6. On his way to school he met ______, so he sent him to hospital.
a. very ill man b. much sick man c. serious ill man d. very sick man
7. 7. She was operated a month ago but now she was ______.
a. very good b. very well c. healthy d. good conditioned
8. 8. What I would do is to go ______.
a. really quietly somewhere b. somewhere quietly really
c. really quiet somewhere d. somewhere really quiet
9. 9. The chairman asked ______ to write their questions on a piece of paper and send them to the front.
a. the present members b. the members presently
c. the members present d. the presently members
10. 10. The price was very reasonable; I would gladly have paid ______ he asked.
a. three times much as b. three times as many as
c. as three times much as d. three times as much as
11. 11. The trousers are ______, but Tom does not care a bit.
a. too a little small b. a little too small c. a too little small d. a small too little
12. 12. She wore a dress to the party that was far more attractive than ______.
a. other girls b. that of other girls c. the other girls d. those of other girls
13. 13. he can play tennis better than ______ in the class.
a. any boys b. any other boy c. any boy d. any other
14. 14. Kasia is taking her ______ tour of the shops in search of bargains.
a. daily b. day c. day time d. night
15. 15. ______ the child expresses his interest in an activity, the stronger it will become. a. The more frequent b. The frequenter c. The more frequently d. the frequentlier
16. 16. We’d better wait _______ , Peter and Tom will come very soon.
a. a little longer b. more longer c. long d. as longer
17. 17. although the medicine tastes ______, it seems to help my condition.
a. bad b. badly c. too much bad d. too badly
18. 18. When she got her first month salary, Diana bought herself ______ dress.
篇二：英语语法【形容词】
英语语法——形容词与副词
来源：刘伟业专辑www.vshows.icoc.cc
形容词
1.1 什么是形容词
形容词(adjective)是修饰名词表示名词属性的词，常放在它所修饰的名词之前。如： a lovely baby一个可爱的婴儿
the beautiful picture那幅美丽的图画
modern history现代历史
1.2 形容词的用法
形容词在句中可用作：
1)定语
He is a good boy.他是个好孩子。
The Chinese Communist Party is a great party.中国共产党是伟大的党。
2)表语
The film is both moving and instructive.这部电影很感动人，而且富有教育意义。
I am very glad to see you.见到你很高兴。
3)宾语补足语 和宾语一起构成复合宾语。如：
Have you got everything ready for the journey? 你行装都准备好了吗?
We keep our rooms clean and tidy.我们经常保持房间的整洁。
4)相当于名词 某些形容词前用定冠词the，变成名词化的形容词，可在句中作主语、宾语等。如：
The young are active.青年人积极好动。(the young作主语)
The blind can learn to read with their fingertips. 盲人能够用指尖学习阅读书籍。(the blind作主语)
He has a keen sense of the new.他对新鲜事物有敏锐的感觉。(the new作宾语)
[注一] 上述三例中的the young = the young people，the blind the Blind people，the new the new things.
[注二]在The sun rose red(旭日升起)中的形容词red和Don't marry young(不要早婚)中的形容词young都是主语补足语。
1.3 形容词的位置
形容词常放在它所修饰的名词之前。关于形容词有时可以后置的问题(见16.18)，但如有一个以上的形容词修饰名词，这些形容词的顺序则由它们和被修饰名词的关系的密切程度来决定。一般说来，关系最密切的最*近被修饰的名词，关系较疏远的离被修饰的名词也较远。如：
a large wild plant一株很大的野生植物
a simple musical instrument一种简单的乐器
a small fierce dark brown animal一种小而凶的深褐色动物(注意dark修饰brown)
以上例子中的形容词之间并非并列关系，如第一例中的1arge与wild并非并列，而1arge所修饰的是wild plant。如表并列关系，形容词之间须用逗号或and。如：
a strong, swift horse一匹又壮又快的马
many happy and healthy children很多幸福而健康的儿童
a short and militant article一篇简短有力的文章(militant一词较长，放在short之后，这也是英语里安排形容词位置的一种方法。)
形容词的比较等级及其形式
英语形容词比较等级(degrees of comparison)一般有两个：即比较级(comparative degree)和最高级 (superlative degree)。不用比较等级的形容词通常称为原级(positive degree)。形容词的比较级形式是："形容词 + 后缀 -er "或"单词 more + 形容词"。它的最高级形式是："形容词 + 后缀 -est "或"单词 most + 形容词。
[注一] 形容词比较等级所加的-er和-est，自成一个音节，分别读作[E]和[ist]o 如： 原级 比较级 最高级
tall [tC:l] taller[5tC:lE] tallest[5tC:list]
happy [5hApi] happier[5hApiE] happiest[5hApiist]
thin [Win] thinner [5WinE] thinnest [5Winist]
fine [fain] finer [5fainE] finest [5fainist]
[注二] 如果形容词原级的词末为不发音的字母r，加-er和-est时，r要发[r]音。如： near [niE] nearer [5niErE] nearest[5niErist]
clear [kliE] clearer[5kliErE] clearest [5kiErist]
如果形容词原级词末的发音为[N]，在加-er和-est时，[N]音后得加一个[g]音。如： strong [strCN] stronger [5strCNgE] strongest [5strCNgist]
long [lCN] longer [5lCNgE] longest [5lCNgist]
[注三] 有些形容词一般没有比较等级。如：
right, wrong，woolen，wooden.
不规则变化
原级 比较级 最高级
good好
we11好，健康的 better best
bad 坏，差 worse worst
many 多 more most
much 多
little 小，少 1ess 1east
far 远 farther，further farthest，furthest
形容词前如加1ess和least，则表示"较不"和"最不"。如：
interesting有趣 difficult 难
less interesting 较无趣 less difficult 较不难
least interesting 最无趣 leas difficult最不难
1.4 形容词比较级的用法
比较级用于二者的比较，其结构是：含有形容词比较级的主句+从属连词 than 引导的从句（从句中常省去意义上和主句相同的部分）。如：
Li is older than Zhou. 李比周年纪大。(从句中省去了is old)
There are more children in this nursey than in that one.这个托儿所的孩子比那个托儿所多。(从句中省去了 there are children)
After two years' physical training，she is healthier and stronger.
经过两年的体力锻炼，她(比以前)健康强壮多了。(注意这里省去了从句than she was)
We are much better off than ever before.我们的生活比过去任何时候都要好得多。(than后省去了we were)
Paul weighs less than harry.保尔的体重比哈利轻。
Mary is less clever than Jane.玛丽不如简那么聪明。
[注一] 汉语可以说"昆明的气候比兰州好"。英语必须加that，译为：
The climate of Kunming is better than that of Lanzhou.
[注二]英语比较级常译作"较…"、"…一些"等，但不等于汉语的"更…"。汉语的"更…"须用"still"或"even"来表示如：
This book is even more difficult than that one.这本书比那本书更难。
[注三]有些情况下，汉语不用"较"等字眼，英语则须用比较级，如：
Will the younger people give their seats to old people?请年轻人把座位让给老年人好不好?
1.5 形容词最高级的用法
形容词最高级用于二者以上的比较，其结构一般是：定冠词the+形容词最高级+名词+表示范围的短语或从句。如：
Peter is the oldest boy of them all.彼得是这群男孩中年纪最大的。(介语短语of them all表示范围)
London is the biggest city in Britain，伦敦是英国最大的城市。(介词短语in Britain表示范围) Mt. Qomolangma is the World's highest peak。珠穆朗玛峰是世界最高峰。 (注意这里表示范围的是名词所有格 the world's)
This is the best film (that) I have ever seen.这是我所看过的最好的电影。(that在口语中一般省略，that从句表示范围)
[注一]形容词最高级后的名词如果在前面已提过，可省去。如：
This novel is the best (that) I have ever read.这是我所看过的小说中最好的一本。
[注二]在口语中，形容词最高级也可以用于二者的比较。如：
This is the shortest of the two roads.这是两条路中最近的一条路。
[注三] 形容词最高级用作表语表品质时，其前不用定冠词the。如：
He is happiest when he is working.他工作时最愉快。
副词
2.1什么是副词
副词(adverb)修饰动词、形容词和其他副词等，说明时间、地点、程度、方式等概念。如：often往往，here这里，very很，quickly很快地。
2.2副词的构成
1)本身就是副词，如now现在，there那里，rather颇。
2)由形容词加词尾-1y变来，如firmly坚决地，happi1y幸福地。
3)与形容词同形
early adj. 早的 early adv. 早
high adj. 高的 high adv. 高高地
long adj. 长的，长久的long adv. 长久地
2.3副词的种类
副词可分为下列几种：
1)普通副词(ordinary adverb)如：together一起，well好，seriously认真地，slowly慢，carefully小心地。
2)疑问副词(interrogative adverb)如：when何时，where何地，how如何，why为何。
3)关系副词(relative adverb)如：where，when。
4)连接副词(conjunctive adverb)如：then然后，so所以，there{ore所以，however然而，hence所以，thus这样，nevertheless然而，otherwise否则，still可是，仍然。
2.4副词的用法
副词在句中可用作：
1)状语(这是副词在句子中的主要功用)
It is raining hard.雨下得很大。(副词hard作状语，修饰动词is raining。)
Don't drive too fast.车子不要开得太快。(fast是副词，作状语，修饰动词drive，副词too又修饰副词fast。)
He speaks English quite well.他英语讲得相当好。(well修饰动词speaks，quite又修饰副词well。)
This is a fairly useful tool，这是一件相当有用的工具。(fairly修饰形容词useful)
He has always helped his sister with her homework.他一向帮助他妹妹做家庭作业。(always修饰动词has helped)
She often went there.她常到那儿去。(often和there均是副词，修饰动词went。)
Perhaps he will telephone later.也许他以后会打电话来的。(perhaps是副词，用以修饰全句。)
2)表语
Is he up?他起床了没有?
She is out.她出去了。
3)定语
Life here is full of joy.这儿的生活充满了欢乐。(here修饰名词life)
2.5副词的位置
1)修饰动词时，有三种位置。
2)修饰形容词和副词时，须放在被修饰词之前。如：
It is a rather difficult job，这是一件颇为困难的工作。(rather修饰形容词difficult)
He runs very fast.他跑得很快。(very修饰副词fast)
3)副词作定语时，一般放在被修饰的名词之后。如：
The peasants there are busy digging a canal now.那里的农民现在正忙于修水渠。
On my way home，I met groups of Young Pioneers.在回家的路上我遇见成群的少先队员。
2.6副词的比较等级
和形容词同形的副词的形式变化与形容词完全相同。但以词尾-1y结尾的副词(注意early一词的-1y不是副词的词尾)须用more和most。另外，须注意下面例词中well，badly的不规则变化。如：
原级比较级 最高级
hard 努力地harderhardest
fast 快faster fastest
well 好better best
badly 坏 worseworst
early 早 earlier earliest
quickly 快 more quicklymost quickly
happily 快乐地 more happily most happily
2.7副词比较等级的用法
1)副词比较级的用法与形容词比较级相似。如：
David drives faster than anyone I know.大卫开车比我所知道的任何人都要快。
She plays table tennis better than I.她乒乓球打得比我好。(从句中省略了play table tennis) Mr. Martin usually gets to the office earlier than others.马丁先生到办公室通常比别人早。
They speak less fluently but more correctly than we do.他们讲得不如我们流利，但比我们正确。
2)副词最高级用法，除副词前可以不用the外(用the也可以)，其余与形容词最高级相同。如： I work fastest when I'm under pressure.我在有压力时工作得最快。
He swims the best in Class One.一班他游泳最好。
3.比较等级的一些特殊用法
3.1两种不同形式
有几个形容词和副词的比较级和最高级有两种的比较等级不同形式，而且意义也不同。 举例说明：
1)Rome is one of the oldest cities in the world. 罗马是世界上最古老的城市之一。
Her eldest daughter is a school teacher.她大女儿是个教员。
My elder brother is in college. He is two years older than I. 我哥哥在上大学，他比我大两岁。
篇三：初中英语语法之形容词
初中英语语法之形容词比较级和最高级讲练和答案
(一)一般句式的构成： A + is / are+ 形容词比较级+ than + B
A 是主格 B 是宾格
如： She is taller than me.
主格 形容词比较级 宾格
（二）英语形容词比较级的构成
英语形容词比较等级有三个：原级，比较级和最高级。
形容词比较等级形式变化有规则的和不规则的两种。
规则变化
1）单音节词末尾加-er（比较级），-est（最高级）
【例】 原级 比较级 最高级
great greater greatest
small smaller smallest
clean cleaner cleanest
2）单音节如以e结尾，只加-r（比较级），-st（最高级）
【例】 fine finer finest
wide
wide wider widest
3）闭音节单音节词如末尾只有一个辅音字母，须先双写这个辅音字母，再加-er（比较级），-est（最高级）
【例】 big bigger biggest
hot hotter hottest
red redder reddest
4）少数以-y，-er，ow，-ble结尾的双音节词，末尾加-er（比较级），-est（最高级）。以-y结尾的词，如-y前是辅音字母，则变y为-i，再加-er和-est。以-e结尾的词只加-r和-st。
【例】 clever cleverer cleverest
narrow narrower narrowest
able abler ablest
easy easier easiest
5）其它双音节和多音节词皆在前面加单词more和most。
【例】 careful more careful most careful
difficult more difficult most difficult
delicious more delicious most delicious
不规则变化
原级 比较级 最高级
good/well better best
bad worse worst
many/much more most
little less least
far farther/further farthest/furthest
注：有些形容词一般没有比较等级。如： right, wrong, woolen等。
形容词的比较等级的用法：比较级用于二者的比较。
【例】 Li Ping is older than Wang Hai. 李平比王海年纪大。
There are more students in Class One than in Class Two.一班比二班学生多。
二、 形容词各等级的用法：
1、 原级（同级）比较：as…as…; not as(so)…as…
We’ll give you as much help as we can.
She isn’t as(so)active in sports as before.
2. 比较级：表示两者之间比…… 更……可用状语much, a little, even等修饰： He made fewer mistakes than I did.
He is even richer than I.
3、 高级：形容词最高级前必须加the, 副词最高级前常省略the，后面多用of……， in……短语表示范围：
It was the most/least interesting story I have ever listened.
He is the tallest of the three.
4、 如果在两者之间表示“最……”时要在比较级前加the，而且还用of the two, of the pair短语：John is the clever of the two boys.
Of the two boys, John is the clever.
三、 重点与难点：
1、 as…as…结构：你和汤姆是一样好的孩子。
You’re a boy as good as Tom.=You’re as good a boy as Tom.
2、 (1)too…to与 so…that sb.can’t…的句型转换：前者为简单句，主语只有一个，而后者为复合句，主语有两个，试比较：
The man was too angry to be able to speak.
The man was so angry that he wasn’t able to speak.
The milk was too hot to drink.
The milk was so hot that we can’t drink it.
(2) too…to…与 not enough to句型的转换：
He is too young to get married.=He is not old enough to get married.
The book is too difficult for me to read.=
The book is not easy enough for me to read.
3、 形容词原级表示比较级含义：
约翰不象迈克那么苯。John is not so stupid as Mike.
John is less stupid than Mike.
John is cleverer than Mike.
4、 用比较级表示最高级：约翰是班里最高的男生。
John is taller than any other boy in the class.
John is the tallest boy in the class.
John is taller than :any other boy.
any of the other boy.
all the other boy.
any of the others.
any one else.
5、 the more….. the more….表示“越……越……”:
The more books you read, the wider your knowledge is.
The more food you eat, the fatter you are.
6、 more and more….表示“越来……越……”:
More and more students realized the importance of a foreign language.
Our country is getting stronger and stronger.
Mid-Autumn Festival
Mid-Autumn Day
形容词比较级和最高级
绝大多数形容词有三种形式,原级,比较级和最高级, 以表示形容词说明的性质在程度上的不同。
形容词的原级: 形容词的原级形式就是词典中出现的形容词的原形。 例如: poor tall great glad bad
形容词的比较级和最高级: 形容词的比较级和最高级形式是在形容词的原级形式的基础上变化的。 分为规则变化和不规则变化。
规则变化如下:
1) 单音节形容词的比较级和最高级形式是在词尾加 -er 和 -est 构成。
great (原级)(比较级)(最高级)
2) 以 -e 结尾的单音节形容词的比较级和最高级是在词尾加 -r 和 -st 构成。
wide (原级) (比较级) (最高级)
3)少数以-y, -er, -ow, -ble结尾的双音节形容词的比较级和最高级是在词尾加 -er 和 -est 构成。 clever(原级) (比较级)(最高级)
4) 以 -y 结尾,但 -y 前是辅音字母的形容词的比较级和最高级是把 -y 去掉,加上 -ier 和-est 构成.
happy (原形)(比较级)(最高级)
5) 以一个辅音字母结尾其前面的元音字母发短元音的形容词的比较级和最高级是双写该辅音字母然后再加 -er和-est。
big (原级) (比较级)(最高级)
6) 双音节和多音节形容词的比较级和最高级需用more 和 most 加在形容词前面来构成。 beautiful (原级)?(比较级) (比较级)
difficult (原级) (最高级)(最高级)
常用的不规则变化的形容词的比较级和最高级:
原级------比较级------最高级
good------better------best
many------more------most
much------more------most
bad------worse------worst
far------farther, further------farthest, furthest
形容词前如加 less 和 least 则表示"较不"和"最不"
important 重要 less important 较不重要 least important 最不重要
形容词比较级的用法:
形容词的比较级用于两个人或事物的比较,其结构形式如下:
主语+谓语(系动词)+ 形容词比较级+than+ 对比成分。 也就是, 含有形容词比较级的主句+than+从句。注意从句常常省去意义上和主句相同的部分, 而只剩下对比的成分。
Our teacher is we are. 我们老师的个子比我们的高。
It is today than it was yesterday. 今天的天气比昨天暖和。
This picture is than that one. 这张照片比那张照片漂亮。
This meeting is than that one. 这次会议不如那次会议重要。
The sun is than the moon. 太阳比月亮大得多。
形容词最高级的用法:
形容词最高级用于两个以上的人和物进行比较, 其结构形式为:
主语+谓语(系动词)+the+形容词最高级+名词+表示范围的短语或从句。
She is studenther class. 她是班上最好的学生。
Shanghai is one ofcitiesChina. 上海是中国最大城市之一。
This is apple I have ever met. 这是我见到的最大的苹果。
Tom is boy in his basketball team. 汤姆是他们篮球队中个子最高的孩子。
巩固练习：
（一） 写出下列形容词与副词的比较级与最高级形式：
long_____ ______ wide ______ _______ fat ____ _____
heavy____ ______ slow ______ _______ few____ _____
brightly______ -_____ bably _____ _______ far____ _____
quickly _____ ______ happy_____ -______ unhappy________
(二)用所给词的正确形式填空：
1. Of the two girls, I find Lucy the _______ (clever).
2. Gold(黄金) is ______ (little) useful than iron(铁).
3. My sister is two years _______ (old ) than I.
4. John’s parents have four daughters, and she is the _____ (young) child.
5. The _____ (cheap) bags are the not usually the best ones.
6. The short one is by far _______ expensive of the five.
7. The boy is not so ______ (interesting) as his brother.
8. Dick sings _____ (well), she sings ______(well) than John, but Mary sings______(well) in her class.
9. She will be much ______ (happy) in her mew house.
10. This dress is ______ that.(twice, as…as…, expensive)
英语语法之形容词比较级和最高级练习题
1. This box is___ that one.
A. heavy than B. so heavy than
C. heavier as D. as heavy as
2 When we speak to people, we should be ' .
A. as polite as possible B. as polite as possibly
C. as politely as possible D. as politely as possibly
3 This book is____ that one, but____ than that one.
A. as difficult as; expensive
B. as more difficult as; more expensive
C. as difficult as; more expensive
D. more difficult as; as expensive
4 I think the story is not so ___ as that one.
A. interesting B. interested C. more interesting D. most interesting
5 His father began to work____ he was seven years old.
A. as old as B. as early as C. since D. while
2
1. I think science is _ than Japanese.
A. much important B. important C. much more important D. more much important
( ) 2 This pencil is___ than that one.
^. longest B. long C. longer D. as long
( ) 3 My mother is no ___ young.
A. shorter B. longer C. little D. few
( ) 4 These children are ____ this year than they were last year.
A. more tall B. more taller C. very taller D. much taller
( ) 5 It was very hot yesterday, but it is___ today.
A. even hotter B. more hotter
C. much more hot D. much hot
6. Mrs Black has got____ instead of getting any better.
A. more bad B. a little worse C. much badly D. a lot of worse
3
( ) 1 When we arrived, we found the meeting room crowded with___ students.
A. quite a few B. only a few C. few D. a few quite
2 The house is small for a family of six.
A. much too B. too much C. very much D.so
3 Through the window we can see nothing but ____ buildings.
A. tall very many B. very many tall C. very tall many D. many very tall
4 -What's your brother like?
-He is___.
A. a driver B. very tall C. my friend D. at school
5 The jacket was so___ that he decided to buy it. ,
A. much B. little C. expensive D. cheapl
6 Our classroom is____ larger than theirs.
A. more B. quite C. very D. much
4
( ) 1 The earth is about____ as the moon.
A. as fifty time big B. fifty times as big C. as big fifty times D. fifty as times big
( ) 2 Your room is mine.
A. twice as large than B. twice the size of
C. bigger twice than D. as twice large as
( ) 3 Your room is ___ than mine.
A. three time big B. three times big C. three times bigger D. bigger three times
( ) 4 His father is____than his mother. ;
A. older four years B. as four years older C. four years older D. bigger four years
5
( ) 1 Maths is more popular than____.
A. any other subject B. all the subjects C. any subject D. other subject
( ) 2 China is larger than ____ in Africa (^W).
A. any other country B. other countries C. the other country J 1%D. any country
( ) 3 Tom is stronger than ___ in his class.
A. any other boy B. any boys C. any boy D. other boy
6
( ) 1 When spring comes, it gets____.
A. warm and warm B. colder and colder C. warmer and warmer D. shorter and shorter
) 2 By and by, ____ students in our class came to like English. A. more and more B. much and much C. many and many D. less and least
) 3 At last he began to cry ___.
A. hard and hard B. more hard and more hard C. harder and harder D. less hard and less harder
) 4 When spring comes the days get ____ and nights ____.
A. short; long B. long; short C. longer; shorter D. shorter; longer
7
1___ I look at the picture, ____ I like it.
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