如何写论文?写好论文?免费论文网提供各类免费论文写作素材!
当前位置:免费论文网 > 演讲致辞 > 精彩演讲 > 傅莹英文演讲视频

傅莹英文演讲视频

来源:免费论文网 | 时间:2017-03-02 06:07:22 | 移动端:傅莹英文演讲视频

篇一:傅莹在芝加哥大学的演讲

中国成长与“秩序之争论”

傅莹在芝加哥大学的演讲

2015年5月19日

尊敬的Mr. Steve Edwards先生,

各位同学和老师,

女士们、先生们:

非常荣幸受邀来到芝加哥大学,并在此致辞。如著名建筑家弗兰克·劳埃德·赖特所言:“我终究认为芝加哥将是世界上留存下来的最美丽、最伟大的城市。”

但你们是否知晓,在中国,芝加哥的大学更出名。那些希望学费物有所值的家长们尤其对这所大学感兴趣,因为这里“乐趣已死”。

芝加哥大学培养了无数的音乐家、科学家和政治家。你们中一些人如果选择了这样的道路,未来也会成为其中的一员。祝福你们。

我猜想,这里的学生大都出生在90年代,在中国他们被称为90后。这个时代出生的人有一个共同之处,就是几乎在同一时间获取最新信息。

对于我们这代人,当我得知世界上有个操作系统叫Windows时,比尔·盖茨先生已经是世界首富了。而现在,太平洋彼岸中国时尚的年轻人与这里一样,对每次新版苹果产品的发布翘首以待。《速度与激情7》在北京和芝加哥的电影院差不多同时上映。

我也许有些理想化,总在想,在海量信息全球同步的今天,年轻一代能否更加宽容、能否更好地相互理解,从而寻求新的途径来构建维系持久和平的全球秩序?

奥巴马总统于几年前的父亲节在这里发表过一个演讲。他说,作为家长,需要传递给后代最重要的价值是同理心,能换位思考,设身处地去认识世界。

今天我就想先谈谈中国在世界变迁中的经历。基辛格博士《论世界秩序》一书在中国引起了热烈讨论。书中叙述了威斯特伐利亚体系以来400多年的大国兴衰,强国之间一而再、再而三以战争方式争夺世界权力。

但是,基辛格博士也谈到,威斯特法利亚体系不具普遍性,在世界其他地区曾有不同的体系,彼此孤立地并存。众所周知,那时还没有网络的存在。

就中国而言,悠久的历史造就了独特的治理方式、价值观念和文化传统,时至今日仍有影响。因而我们对世界的观念也许建立在不同的基础上。我可以沿着书中世界秩序演变的轨迹,举几个中国历史上的例子:

你们大概都曾经读到过,1648年欧洲达成威斯特伐利亚系列和约以结束“30年战争”,之后的数百年,初步建立起以主权国家为基础的现代意义上的秩序,确立了内政自治原则。随后便把殖民统治推向世界其他地方,包括美洲,而美国是1776年才摆脱了殖民统治,宣布独立。

而早在此之前,亚洲长期延续着自己独特方式,各国和睦相处。当时中国的清王朝仍处于鼎盛时期,到18世纪中国人口已超过欧洲国家总和。但是,这个延续近两千年的田园般宁静在19世纪中叶被欧洲帝国打破。

到了1919年,当欧洲签署凡尔赛和约以结束第一次世界大战之时,亚洲大部分地区已沦为欧洲的殖民地,中国的领土完整也屡遭侵犯。中国最后一个封建皇帝被迫退位,政治精英构建共和体制和西式议会的种种努力纷纷失败,国家陷入内乱。年轻人开始从其他方向寻找解决问题的道路。

中国共产党就是在这样的背景之下,于1921年由几十个人建立的,许多都是20多岁的年青人。他们不比你们年长多少。(看看年轻人是怎样改变着世界,真是神奇!)

1941年,当《时代》周刊创办人亨利·卢斯宣告“美国世纪”来临之际,中国约2/3的国土被日本军国主义的铁蹄蹂躏,战争中伤亡人员达到3500万人。今年九月,中国将隆重纪念抗日战争胜利70周年,缅怀英烈、牢记历史、珍惜和平。中国和美国当时并肩作战,我们不会忘记那些美国飞行员的英勇事迹。

1949年中国终于重获和平,建立起中华人民共和国,但是当时的国家满目疮痍,经济近于崩溃,人均寿命不足35岁,文盲率达到90%以上。

换句话说,二战后多年,当两个超级大国激烈争夺世界权力、建立起所谓的恐怖平衡之际,中国的主要任务是解决生存问题,包括满足庞大人口的吃饭需求。我们也走过不少弯路,年少时经历的饥饿和困惑我记忆犹新。

二十世纪70年代末,中国与世界的关系翻开了新的一页。新中国恢复联合国合法席位。邓小平领导的改革开放使中国重新融入世界经济。

因此,当中国人讲到国际体系时,通常指的是中国作为成员参与的、以联合国为核心的国际机构和机制。鉴于惨痛的历史教训,中国一直信守和遵循《联合国宪章》关于主权平等和不干涉别国内政的原则。习近平主席不久前出席万隆会议60周年纪念峰会,重申了和平共处五项原则。

我讲述这段历史想表达的是,在讨论历史和秩序时,需要注意到各国有着非常不同的经历,这对我们观念的形成有很大影响。这也是为什么,各国在一些问题上的感受不尽相同。 我想讲的第二点是如何看中国的成长。显然,在中国获得快速发展之时,世界对中国的了解和理解并没有同步增长。一位常年观察中国的欧洲记者朋友如此概括说,西方媒体的中国报道可以归纳为三类:

一是中国太大——人口多、城市大,现在连奢侈品市场都很大。

二是中国太坏——好像中国总是在做错事,看不顺眼。

三是中国太怪——吃奇怪的食物,有奇怪的行为方式。

我经常接待来自美国国会的代表团,很多人第一次来中国。令他们印象最深的是天天碰见的普通中国人,比如在故宫博物院里摩肩擦踵的农民工游客、和那些梦想成为下一个马云的年轻创客等等。

实际上,是普通中国人代表了中国的真实面貌和国家的进步。是他们推动着中国走向富强和成功。

那么,成长起来的中国想有一个什么样的世界秩序呢?未来的前景是否如某些学者预见的,必然是中美争夺世界权力?这是我想讲的第三点。

我常常阅读美国政治家撰写的回忆录,美国对世界事务的深入和有效参与令人印象深刻。但我也时常感叹于美国对其他国家的事务也如此热情和强势地介入。

掩卷思量,不禁要问,美国人心目中的世界秩序,是否就是美国治下的世界呢?是否就是仅以美国的价值观和国家利益为核心理念、以美国主导的同盟体系为支撑?而对于新兴大国来说,是否面对的只有臣服或挑战这两个选项?换做是美国人,你们又当作何选择? 中国就是这样一个新兴的大国,而且并非依靠炮舰开路成长起来的,我们是结合了自身的天然优势与全球化的机遇发展起来的。欧洲引领工业化以来,资金、技术、市场、资源和人才主要集中在以欧美为中心的西方世界,而如今,所有这些要素都在全球化推动下开始向外扩散。

顺着这个浪潮,中国坚持改革,不断释放巨大的政策红利,实现了30年GDP年均9%的增长,极大地提高了人民的生活水平,并发展成为世界第二大经济体。今日中国是130多个国家的最大贸易伙伴。有人甚至预测,中国经济总量将在2020年后达到世界第一位。 但是,当一些国际学者讨论新的世界权力分配问题时,他们会惊讶地发现大多数中国人很淡定,对传统意义上的所谓世界权力转移或者“世界权力之争”没有表现出太大的兴趣。

对中国人而言,我经常看到的是在标准上存在不一致的问题。例如,在西方国家,当有人滥杀无辜时,他们被视为恐怖分子;而这样的事情发生在中国就被看作是民族或者是政治问题。当中国的邻国在领土问题上做出挑衅的姿态时,美国不置一词;而当中国捍卫自身权益时,就常被说成是咄咄逼人或者胁迫别国。

如果对最基本的原则前提都没有共同的基础,我们何以在世界秩序演进这样的问题上进行有意义的讨论呢?就像广东人形容人与人无法沟通时讲的:是“鸡同鸭讲”。

中国目前的重心还在于解决大量棘手的国内难题,包括克服环境污染、反腐败、缓解经济下行、更好地保障民生等等。

同时,在应该构建什么样的未来世界秩序上,中国学者也进行着务实的讨论。大家可能各持观点,但一个共识是:世界已经发生变化,许多旧的概念失去了意义。

首先,在当今世界,不同的秩序像过去那样,在各地区隔绝地共同存在、应对不同的问题,这种可能性已经没有了。今天的秩序需要具有开放性,要逐步调整以适应新的现实和多元的观点。

其二,再通过大国之间战争的方式实现“权力转移”,重新决定新的力量平衡,也没有可能了,因为世界各国关系已经如此紧密交织。

其三,我们所面对的大量新型问题都是全球性的,超越了主权国家和区域的边界。像埃博拉病毒、ISIS、像试图乘船从非洲前往欧洲的人们。需要新的思维和新型全球框架或者说是全球秩序,去应对新型挑战。

令人有所宽慰的是,进入21世纪,人类社会已经开始进行许多有意义的实践,用创新和合作的办法应对和解决新的问题,例如G20和全球气候变化大会。中国也倡导了“一带一路”和亚投行,来增强亚洲和亚欧大陆之间的互联联通。这些实践是对现有国际体系和合作框架的补充,将促进现有国际体系朝着更加公正合理和更具包容性的方向发展。

基辛格《论世界秩序》一书是以一种很有深意的设问方式结束的:“我们将去向何方?”显然,历史又来到了新的转折路口,关键是将向哪里转变。

这个问题也适用于中美两国,我们是否有决心和智慧走出大国冲突的历史窠臼?能否合作开创新型大国关系和新型秩序?为此,习近平主席向奥巴马总统提出建立中美新型大国关系。

中美两国之间尽管受到误解和偏见的干扰,实际上在许多领域都建立起密切的伙伴关系。有人甚至把两国比作不情愿的双胞胎。两国互信的水平也相当令人印象深刻了。否则,我们何以相互颁发十年有效期签证?由此可见,年青一代继承的两国关系积极因素大大多于负面因素。

建立新型大国关系前无古人,不会一帆风顺。但双方都认识到,要加强合作、管控分歧,为亚洲和世界构建面向和平与发展的稳定战略框架。这既是两国关系的方向,又是我们共同的责任。

所以,最后我想说的是,虽然21世纪全球秩序的演进并不容易,也不是朝夕可得之事。但未来寄望于年轻一代,我相信,你们一定会拿出很好的答案!谢谢大家!

篇二:中国驻英国大使傅莹在牛津大学发表演讲(双语)

2009年4月29日,中国驻英国大使傅莹应牛津大学学联之邀在牛津大学发表题为《中国是强国吗》的演讲,200余名牛津学联成员和牛津师生出席。牛津学联是享有世界声望的辩论协会组织,经常邀请各国政要和国际知名人士前往演讲和讨论。这是该协会成立186年来第一次邀请中国政府代表发表演讲。

中国是强国吗?

——在牛津学联的演讲

中华人民共和国驻英国大使 傅莹

2009年4月29日

Is China a Power?

Speech by Ambassador Fu Ying at Oxford Union

29 April 2009

迪克森主席,

各位学联的成员们,

女士们、先生们:

Corey Dixon,

Union Officers and Members,

Ladies and Gentlemen,

感谢邀请我发表演讲。

Thank you for inviting me to speak here.

多年前,我在肯特大学学习国际政治的时候,曾经参加了一个活动,其中包括出席牛津的一场辩论会。记得当时我们提了许多让演讲者很为难的问题,现在轮到我来接受烘烤了。但是我觉得自己有责任回来,为延续牛津良好的学术辩论传统出一份力。

When I was a student of international politics in Kent University many years ago, I took part in a program which included an Oxford Union debate. I remember we gave the speaker very hard time. Now it’s my turn to be on the grill. But I do feel duty bound to come back to contribute to the good tradition of academic debating in Oxford.

我今天演讲的题目是:“中国是强国吗?”

My topic is about China: “is China a power?”

2008年北京奥运会灿烂的烟火,被视为是庆祝中国成为世界强国的礼花。英国皇家国际问题研究所、威尔顿庄园、《金融时报》和《经济学家》,还有不少美国刊物都在谈论中国成为强国的问题。国际上正在形成中国已经成为世界强国的共识。因此,外界对中国的一举一动都高度关注,并且品头论足。

The splendid fireworks of the Beijing Olympics in 2008 are seen as marking China’s ascendance into world power status. Chatham House, Wilton Park, the Financial Times and economist, together with many American publications are all talking about China as a power. An international consensus is emerging that China is a world power. There is therefore a lot of scrutiny about the rights and wrongs in China and what China should and should not do.

美国学者伯格斯滕首先提出中美G2的想法,布热津斯基也认为,中国在国际上排名第二,仅次于美国。欧洲2007年底就有民调显示,80%的受访者认为中国已经是仅次于美国的第二强国。这些都表明,中国正在从国际政治的边缘转向中心。

FRED BERGSTEN (Director of the Peterson Institute for International Economics) first suggested the idea of G2. Brzezinski believed that China is second only to the United States. A survey in Europe at the end of 2007 echoed his view as 80% of respondents believed China has became the number two world power. Clearly China is moving from the margin to the center of the world politics.

外界对于中国将成为什么样的强国也经常表达出强烈的关注。我演讲的时候经常碰到这样的问题:随着中国的日益强大,中国是否会将自己的意志强加于人?

There are some loudly expressed concerns about what kind of power China will become. I am often asked during speech occasions: as China grows stronger, would China impose its will on others?

但是,在中国国内,对“中国是强国吗”这个问题有着完全不同的看法。大部分中国人认为,中国还远远没有达到强国的地位,一个流行的说法是,外界在“忽悠”中国。

But, is China a power? The response of the Chinese people is very different. Most of them see China still as a developing country. A popular saying in Chinese is “HuYou” 忽悠 (meaning sweeping China off its feet).

今年1月,我在中国大使馆举办了一场讨论会,参加的有140多人,除了外交官,还有常驻伦敦的中资企业人士和记者。大家围绕中国的国际地位问题进行了热烈的讨论,这是我经历过最热烈的一场中国人之间的辩论了。

Last January, I hosted a debate in my Embassy. The topic was China’s international status. About 140 people came, including embassy diplomats, business people and journalists stationed in London. It was the most heated debate I’ve had with my fellow Chinese.

一位年轻人首先发言说,中国是世界居二的国家,排位仅次于美国。在场的大部分人不赞成他的意见,人们纷纷发言,列举各种数字和存在的问题,以说明中国只是一个发展中国家。当我问到,有谁赞同他的意见时,只有4个人举起手来,加上他是5个人。也就是说,140个人中不到4%的人与布热津斯基对中国的判断持相同的看法。

A young man kicked off the debate by saying that China is a world power second only to the US. He was challenged by almost the whole crowd. People spoke one after another, citing statistics and problems in China to argue that we are just another developing country. I then asked, who would agree with him? I saw only four hands up. It means only five people, including the gentleman himself were of the view, or less than 4% of the participants shared Brzezinski’s perception.

我于是问,大家认为哪个国家在世界上排名第二位?人们毫不犹豫地说,是俄罗斯。我又问:哪个国家排第三?回答:德国。第四?英国。问到第五的时候,大概有一半的人提到可能是法国,一半的人说可以是中国了。

Then I asked the crowd: which country do you think is the No 2 power in the world? They answered almost without hesitation,“Russia”。 “Which is the third?”“Germany.”“The fourth?”“Great Britain.” When it came to the fifth, some said France some said it could be China.

当然,大家也认为这样简单的排列是不准确的,各国的地位和处境是一个非常复杂的问题。但是,这个讨论在一定程度上能反映中国人的心态。中国和外界对这一问题出现了两种截然不同的认识,孰是孰非?很显然,两方面的观点都能找到事实依据。

Though such generalized way of ranking cannot be an accurate reflection of the complex positions and circumstances of different countries. Yet this discussion can reflect the general thinking of the Chinese people. Are we right, and is the world wrong? There are clearly facts to support both arguments.

多年前,邓小平在介绍中国的时候,曾经用“既大又小、既强又弱”的表述来说明中国的特点。今天的中国仍然如此。外界往往看到中国大和强的一面,而在国内,我们对国家存在的弱点和面临的挑战看得更清楚一些。

Many years ago, when Mr. Deng Xiaoping was summarizing about China with an international visitor, he said, China was both “big and small, strong and weak”。 This still remains true of today’s China. People outside China seem tend to see the big and strong aspects of China, while inside China, we are more aware of its weaknesses and challenges.

我可以用一组中英对比数字来说明一下中国的独特的国情。

Let I compare some statistics about China and UK to illustrate the two dimensions of China.

篇三:2009.12.2驻英国大使傅莹有关“气候变化与中国”的演讲

驻英国大使傅莹有关“气候变化与中国”的演讲

2009年12月2日,中国驻英国大使傅莹应邀在伦敦政治经济学院(LSE)发表题为“气候变化与中国”的演讲,全面阐述中国应对气候变化的政策、立场及所采取的措施,并现场回答听众提问。

气候变化与中国

中国驻英国大使傅莹

伦敦经济学院

2009年12月2日

Climate Change and China

Fu Ying, Chinese Ambassador to the U. K.

London School of Economics

December 2, 2009

尊敬的CORBRIDGE教授,

女士们,先生们,

Professor Corbridge,

Ladies and Gentlemen,

很荣幸来到伦敦经济学院,就气候变化这一重大问题进行交流。我感觉特别荣幸,这是因为伦敦经济学院以在气候变化领域的研究著称,你们的研究为全球讨论做出了突出贡献。 I am honoured to talk to you on such an important subject as climate change. It's a special honour, because the LSE is well-known for its scholarship on climate change and its crucial contribution to this global debate.

中国是一个有着13亿人口的大国,气候类型多样,环境脆弱。气候变化给中国带来诸多不利影响。

China is a huge country with a population of 1.3 billion. It has diverse climatic conditions and a fragile environment. The effect of climate change is a very real threat which we face everyday. 根据中国科学家的观察,过去50年里中国的平均气温上升了1.1摄氏度,高于同期全球平均升温水平。在中国的许多地方,极端气候现象更为频繁。例如,今年春天中国北方出现50年以来最为严重的干旱,给400多万人的带来生计困难。

According to Chinese scientists, the average temperature in China has risen by 1.1 degrees centigrade in the last 5 decades. It is higher than the reported global average. We are seeing more frequent bouts of extreme weather in many parts of the country. Last spring, for example, the most severe drought in 50 years hit northern China affecting the livelihood of 4 million people.

环境污染和气候变化带来的不利影响对我们来说已是现实。全球空气污染最严重的20个城市中,中国占了一半,70%的河流受到不同程度的污染。中国已成为全球第一大二氧化碳排放国。

Environmental damage and climate change is a reality for us. Out of the world's most polluted 20 cities, half are in China. 70% of Chinese rivers are polluted to some degree. China has become the largest carbon emitter of the world.

这些问题是如何造成的?中国近年在减贫和提高人民生活水平的同时,也出现了严重的环境问题。与你们不同的是,我们是用30年的浓缩时间,走西方国家两个世纪的工业化进程。 How have we got here? China has reached this stage when it is making great endeavours to lift people out of poverty. Unlike you here, we have condensed 2 centuries of industrialization into only 30 years.

中国人民已经充分认识到气候变化问题的严重性和紧迫性,我们在以发展经济的同样热情投入到实现可持续发展的努力之中。在中国,气候变化不仅仅是一个讨论的话题,举国上下正在通过政策和行动积极应对气候变化。我愿与你们分享一些这方面的例子。

Now, the Chinese people have woken to the threat and, with the same zeal that we have embraced industrialization, we are embracing cleaner development. In China, climate change is not just a topic for discussion; It's backed up with policy and action throughout the country. Let me share some examples with you.

第一,中国制定了节能减排的法律和政策框架。

First, on the legal and policy front.

中国在制定2006-2010年的第十一个“五年计划”时,第一次提出了应对气候变化的具体目标,包括降低单位GDP能耗20%。

China set forward a voluntary reduction program for 2006 to 2010 period, including 20% reduction in energy intensity per unit of GDP.

为实现这个目标,中国修订了《节约能源法》、《可再生能源法》等法律,制定了严格的节能指标考核制度,完不成任务的地方领导人将面临严格的问责制。

To achieve this, we amended the Law on Energy Saving and the Law on Renewable Energy. We've also set up a strict evaluation system for energy efficiency. This enables the central government to hold provincial leaders accountable for meeting energy efficiency targets.

上个月,中央政府在网站上公布了2008年各省区节能目标考核结果。全国31个省区中,26个省为“超额完成”或“完成”等级。由于增加了透明度,未完成目标的省区面临公众很大的压力。

Last month, the evaluation result for 2008 was released on the web for all to access. Out of 31 provinces and regions, 26 fulfilled emission reduction targets. One can't underscore enough the importance of having such transparency as it places great pressure on those who are not meeting the target.

从表格上可以看出来,北京市做得不错,超额完成了当年指标,而且已完成了2010年20%目标的17%。而新疆则落后了一些,如期完成目标有很大困难,需要得到许多支持。

Beijing is doing better, over-fulfilling its target for 2008, with over 7%. I am sure the Olympics helped. It has already achieved over 17% for the 20% target of 2010. At the bottom, you can see Xinjiang. It is lagging far behind and looks unlikely to meet the target and would need a lot of help.

第二,采取严格的产业政策,鼓励清洁发展。

Secondly, now the industries have to take very tough decisions to achieve clean development. 政府严格控制新建高排放、高污染项目,淘汰现有落后产能。可以理解,落实这项措施一开始会很困难,遇到一些阻力,因为关闭高污染企业意味着就业岗位的损失。

Projects with high emission can no longer go ahead and some existing high emitters are being phased out. It is understandably difficult to push through such reforms and there is, inevitably, resistance. Being a developing country, shutting down factories means job losses for many who need them.

比如,中国提出5年内拆除淘汰5000万千瓦(50GW)老发电机装机容量的目标提前一年半完成,使单位发电的煤耗降低了20%。但这项措施导致40万人面临再就业问题。

For example, we have achieved cutting down the average consumption of coal per unit of power by 20%, by demolishing the high-polluting and inefficient power plants. But it led to the loss of 400,000 jobs.

第三,大力发展清洁替代能源。

So the third point is that we have increased and will continue to increase the percentage of cleaner alternative energy sources.

低碳和新能源产业正在成为中国经济的新亮点,许多英国公司也在与中国开展清洁能源项目的合作。今年1-9月,中国新增发电装机容量中,清洁能源占到1/3。

Low-carbon and energy conservation have become new growth sectors in China. Many British companies are actively involved in clean development projects in China. In the first 9 months of this year, clean energy contributed a third of China's newly added power capacity.

目前,中国在太阳能热水器使用、太阳能光伏发电累计容量和水电装机容量方面均居世界第

一。你们可能还不知道,1/10的中国家庭用上了太阳能,在中国可以看到许多新住宅的屋顶上装上了太阳能板。我自己家的公寓也是使用太阳能供热的,据家里人说今年冬天的使用效果很好。中国人对清洁能源如此热衷,表明我们下决心追求更美好的未来。

China now ranks as first in the world for solar heating and photovoltaic generation, as well as installed hydro power capacity. You may be surprised to know, 1 in 10 families in China already use solar energy. That includes my family. Many new buildings in Chinese cities are equipped with solar energy. The fact that the Chinese people are so keen to adopt clean energy is an excellent indicator of our dedication to a better future.

第四,增加森林碳汇。我们都知道树能吸收二氧化碳,中国人民对植树十分热情,在联合国环境署倡议的“全球10亿棵树”活动中,中国人种了26亿棵树,也就是人均2棵,一个多么令人震惊的数字。

Next, let's talk about trees and reforestation. We all know how trees can absorb CO2 from the atmosphere. Chinese people have really taken tree-planting to heart. It has even become fashionable for young couples to plant trees to mark their wedding. China has planted more trees than any other country in the world, with 2.6 billion trees planted. That is 2 trees per individual, an incredible number.

第五,我们知道要切实实现减排的宏伟目标,唯一的手段是通过发展科学和技术,这就是为什么中国加大了应对气候变化的科研投入。中国已成为各种新能源技术的巨大实验基地。 Last but not least, the only means for China to really achieve its ambitious plan is through science and technology. This is why China is investing heavily in research and development. The country has become a giant laboratory for testing all kinds of clean energy technologies.

为应对国际金融危机,中国在新增4万亿元(4000亿英镑)的经济刺激方案中,应对气候变化相关投资达15%。我想你们会认为这不是一个小的数额,特别是考虑到我们正处在金融危机当中。

In the latest stimulus package worth 400 billion pound, 15% was invested in addressing climate change. I am sure you will agree that it is a huge amount by any standard, especially during the financial crisis.

经过努力,中国节能减排取得明显进展,有望如期完成2010年目标。仅提高能效一项,中国就有望在2006-2010年间减少二氧化碳排放15亿吨。这个数字与世界上其他任何国家的减排努力相比都毫不逊色。

Thanks to all these efforts, China is well on track to reach our targets set for 2010. That would mean a reduction in CO2 emissions of 1.5 billion tons in five years by 2010. This is an achievement that compares well with the efforts of other countries.

在今年9月召开的联合国气候变化峰会上,胡锦涛主席宣布中国将进一步采取应对气候变化的措施。上周四,中国政府宣布了2020年行动目标,包括:

At the UN climate change summit last September, President Hu Jintao stated that China would take even further steps to counter climate change. To follow up, the Chinese government has announced its targets for 2020 based on 2005 levels.

- 单位GDP二氧化碳排放比2005年下降40-45%;

- 非化石能源比重达到15%;

- 森林面积比2005年增加4000万公顷,这个面积相当于英国领土的1.5倍。

They include:

-bringing down CO2 per unit of GDP by 40-45%,

-increasing the ratio of non-fossil energy to 15%,

-expanding forest coverage by 40 million hectares, that is bigger than one and half times the size of United Kingdom.

我们将把这些目标作为约束性和可核查指标纳入中国的发展中长期规划。

We will make all these into compulsory and verifiable targets, within the framework of our domestic development program.

但是,希望能理解,完成这些目标会越来越困难。请允许我说明一下为什么是这样。

I hope you will appreciate that achieving these targets and further reducing emission will get increasingly harder. Let me elaborate on that point.

中国已经关闭了很多高耗能工厂,也就是说,容易做的已经做了。1990-2005年间,中国单位GDP能耗下降了47%,预计2005-2010年将再下降20%。进一步提高能效,将付出更高成本、做出更多牺牲。

We have already closed down many of the old and high energy consuming factories, That is to say, the easier part is done. Between 1990 to 2005, the per unit GDP energy consumption came down by 47% and between 2005 to 2010 it will again come down by 20%. The next will be raising the energy efficiency of the remaining plants. It's going to cost more and involve more sacrifice to reduce further.

这也就是为什么科技研发对中国是如此重要,只有创新方能干使中国实现这个跨越。也是由于这个原因,我们希望发达国家转让技术和提供能力支持。

This is why investing in research and development is so critical for us, as only innovation can help China to make that leap. And this is why we are looking to developed countries for technology transfer and capacity building.

国际能源署预测,如果中国实现了2020年目标,届时中国一年即可减排10亿吨二氧化碳。这将是一个巨大的成就,因为我们还是一个发展中国家,同时还面临着发展的巨大任务。 According to the International Energy Agency, if China fulfils its target for 2020, it will have reduced its emissions of CO2 by 1 billion tons. That will be a great achievement, given that we are a developing country and we have equally pressing survival priorities.

下面我将详细谈谈这个问题。虽然中国经济总量有望不久成为世界第二,但很多人经常忘记中国还是一个发展中国家这一事实。

If you would allow me, I'd like to expand on this point; China may soon become the 2nd largest economy in the world. Yet it remains a developing country. This is something that many people often forget.

中国人均GDP刚过3000美元,分别是英国、美国的1/15、1/20,在世界排名第104位,排在牙买加和纳米比亚之后。

China's per capita GDP has just passed 3,000 US dollars. UK and US are 15 to 20 times that of China. China is behind Jamaica and Namibia.

请大家回答我一个问题:英国在历史上是哪年处于中国目前的人均水平?根据英国经济学Angus Maddison的计算,答案是1913年。

Now, let me ask you all a question: In which year in history do you think Britain was at the same income level China now is at? According to British economist Angus Maddison, the answer is the year 1913.

下面这个数字可能让你们一些人吃惊,中国目前仍有1.35亿人每天生活费不足1美元。我们熟视无睹的最基本生活需求,比如说水,在中国一些地区都是人们不可及的。

In per capita GDP terms, China only ranks at 104th place in the world. It might be a surprise to some of you that China has 135 million people living under one dollar a day. Sometimes even the most basic things that we take for granted, like water, are beyond the reach of some Chinese people.

例如,在中国西北的甘肃省,有些地方非常缺水,一个村子的农民一辈子只洗三次澡,出生的时候、结婚的时候,还有死的时候。

Take for example, in China's northwest, water is so scarce that farmers in a village in Gansu province only take three baths in their entire life, at birth, at marriage and at death.

当我们讨论气候变化的时候,我们常常只是谈论科学事实和数据,但我们不应忘记还有人的因素。

When discussing climate change, we tend to talk mostly about facts and figures, but we should not forget that, there is also the human dimension.

想象一下,当这个村庄通电之后(中国正在实现村村通电),不仅农民可以打机井从地下深处取水,他们的孩子们也能从电视上看到外面的精彩世界,他们当然会梦想一个更好的生活,得到许多的东西。

Imagine when electricity reaches this Gansu village, which is what China has been doing, bringing electricity to every village, not only are the farmers able to drill deeper for water, but also their children would be able to watch TV for the first time and see the wonderful outside world. They of course will dream about a better life and all the things that come with it.

我们能告诉他们:你们没有权利拥有我们所拥有的生活吗?

我们能告诉他们:你们不能像电视里看到的上海人或伦敦人一样生活吗?

为什么这些孩子不能拥有IPOD、手提电脑和冰箱,甚至汽车呢?

Who are we to tell them, that they have no right to have what we have? Who are we to tell them that they can't live like the people in Shanghai or London they see on TV? Why can't they have ipods, laptops and refrigerators, or even cars?

这就是在应对气候变化问题中的人的因素,这也是挑战之所在。

This is the human dimension, and this is the challenge.

中国的使命就在于,如何使13亿人都有机会实现他们的梦想,但是是要以对环境负责的方式来实现。

China's difficult mission is to enable all of its 1.3 billion people to have the opportunity to realize their dreams, but to achieve it in a environmentally responsible way.

现在让我们回到前面说的中国是第一大排放国的问题上。如果看人均排放量,中国是4.6吨,而美国是20吨,英国是10吨。比较来看,不能说中国是“对能源贪婪”吧?

Now let's come back to the point about China being the world's biggest CO2 emitter. If you look at the figures in per capita terms, an average Chinese person's emission is 4.6 tons. An average American emits 20 tons, in the yellow colour and Britain 10 tons in the blue colour. You can hardly call China energy greedy, can you?


傅莹英文演讲视频》由:免费论文网互联网用户整理提供;
链接地址:http://www.csmayi.cn/show/184742.html
转载请保留,谢谢!
相关文章