篇一：形状词汇,英语中的表示形状的词汇
篇二：各种数学语言的英语翻译
各种数学语言的英语翻译
数学 mathematics, maths(BrE), math(AmE) 公理 axiom
定理 theorem
计算 calculation
运算 operation
证明 prove
假设 hypothesis, hypotheses(pl.)
命题 proposition
算术 arithmetic
加 plus(prep.), add(v.), addition(n.)
被加数 augend, summand
加数 addend
和 sum
减 minus(prep.), subtract(v.), subtraction(n.) 被减数 minuend
减数 subtrahend
差 remainder
乘 times(prep.), multiply(v.), multiplication(n.) 被乘数 multiplicand, faciend
乘数 multiplicator
积 product
除 divided by(prep.), divide(v.), division(n.) 被除数 dividend
除数 divisor
商 quotient
等于 equals, is equal to, is equivalent to 大于 is greater than
小于 is lesser than
大于等于 is equal or greater than
小于等于 is equal or lesser than
运算符 operator
平均数mean
算术平均数arithmatic mean
几何平均数geometric mean n个数之积的n次方根倒数（reciprocal） x的倒数为1/x
有理数 rational number
无理数 irrational number
实数 real number
虚数 imaginary number
数字 digit
数 number
自然数 natural number
整数 integer
小数 decimal
小数点 decimal point
分数 fraction
分子 numerator
分母 denominator
比 ratio
正 positive
负 negative
零 null, zero, nought, nil
十进制 decimal system
二进制 binary system
十六进制 hexadecimal system
权 weight, significance
进位 carry
截尾 truncation
四舍五入 round
下舍入 round down
上舍入 round up
有效数字 significant digit
无效数字 insignificant digit
代数 algebra
公式 formula, formulae(pl.)
单项式 monomial
多项式 polynomial, multinomial
系数 coefficient
未知数 unknown, x-factor, y-factor, z-factor 等式，方程式 equation
一次方程 simple equation
二次方程 quadratic equation
三次方程 cubic equation
四次方程 quartic equation
不等式 inequation
阶乘 factorial
对数 logarithm
指数，幂 exponent
乘方 power
二次方，平方 square
三次方，立方 cube
四次方 the power of four, the fourth power
n次方 the power of n, the nth power 开方 evolution, extraction
二次方根，平方根 square root
三次方根，立方根 cube root
四次方根 the root of four, the fourth root n次方根 the root of n, the nth root sqrt(2)=1.414
sqrt(3)=1.732
sqrt(5)=2.236
常量 constant
变量 variable
坐标系 coordinates
坐标轴 x-axis, y-axis, z-axis
横坐标 x-coordinate
纵坐标 y-coordinate
原点 origin
象限quadrant
截距(有正负之分)intercede
（方程的）解solution
几何geometry
点 point
线 line
面 plane
体 solid
线段 segment
射线 radial
平行 parallel
相交 intersect
角 angle
角度 degree
弧度 radian
锐角 acute angle
直角 right angle
钝角 obtuse angle
平角 straight angle
周角 perigon
底 base
边 side
高 height
三角形 triangle
锐角三角形 acute triangle
直角三角形 right triangle
直角边 leg
斜边 hypotenuse
勾股定理 Pythagorean theorem 钝角三角形 obtuse triangle 不等边三角形 scalene triangle 等腰三角形 isosceles triangle 等边三角形 equilateral triangle 四边形 quadrilateral
平行四边形 parallelogram 矩形 rectangle
长 length
宽 width
周长 perimeter
面积 area
相似 similar
全等 congruent
三角 trigonometry
正弦 sine
余弦 cosine
正切 tangent
余切 cotangent
正割 secant
余割 cosecant
反正弦 arc sine
反余弦 arc cosine
反正切 arc tangent
反余切 arc cotangent
反正割 arc secant
反余割 arc cosecant
补充：
集合aggregate
元素 element
空集 void
子集 subset
交集 intersection
并集 union
补集 complement
映射 mapping
函数 function
定义域 domain, field of definition 值域 range
单调性 monotonicity
奇偶性 parity
周期性 periodicity
图象 image
数列，级数 series
微积分 calculus
微分 differential
导数 derivative
极限 limit
无穷大 infinite(a.) infinity(n.) 无穷小 infinitesimal
积分 integral
定积分 definite integral 不定积分 indefinite integral 复数 complex number
矩阵 matrix
行列式 determinant
圆 circle
圆心 centre(BrE), center(AmE) 半径 radius
直径 diameter
圆周率 pi
弧 arc
半圆 semicircle
扇形 sector
环 ring
椭圆 ellipse
圆周 circumference
轨迹 locus, loca(pl.)
平行六面体 parallelepiped 立方体 cube
七面体 heptahedron
八面体 octahedron
九面体 enneahedron
十面体 decahedron
十一面体 hendecahedron
十二面体 dodecahedron
二十面体 icosahedron
多面体 polyhedron
旋转 rotation
轴 axis
球 sphere
半球 hemisphere
底面 undersurface
表面积 surface area
体积 volume
空间 space
双曲线 hyperbola
篇三：英语翻译
土木工程英语
1
第一单元
Fundamentally, engineering is an end-product-oriented discipline that is
innovative, cost-conscious and mindful of human factors. It is concerned with the creation of new entities, devices or methods of solution: a new process, a new material, an improved power source, a more efficient arrangement of tasks to accomplish a desired goal or a new structure. Engineering is also more often than not concerned with obtaining economical solutions. And, finally, human safety is always a key consideration.
仍根本上，工程是一个以最终产品为导向的行业，它具有创新、成本意识， 同时也注意到人为因素。它与创建新的实体、设备或解决方案有兲：新工艺、 新材料、一个改迚的动力来源、仸务的一项更有效地安排，用以完成所需的目 标或创建一个新的结极。工程是也不仅仅兲心获得经济的解决方案。最终，人 类安全才是一个最重要的考虑因素。
Engineering is concerned with the use of abstract scientific ways of thinking
and of defining real world problems. The use of idealizations and development of procedures for establishing bounds within which behavior can be ascertained are part of the process.
工程兲心的是，使用抽象的科学方法思考和定义现实世界的问题。理想化 的使用和収展建立可以确定行为的边界的程序，是过程的一部分。
Many problems, by their very nature, can’t be fully described—even after the fact, much less at the outset. Yet acceptable engineering solutions to these problems must be found which satisfy the defined needs. Engineering, then, frequently concerns the determination of possible solutions within a context of limited data. Intuition or judgment is a key factor in establishing possible
alternative strategies, processes, or solutions. And this, too, is all a part of
engineering.
很多的问题，就其本身的性质而言，不能完全被描述—— 即使这一事实， 在其开始乊前。然而还必须找到对于这些问题可接受的工程解决方案，来满足 预定的需求。直觉或判断是建立可能的替代策略、流程或解决方案的兲键因
素。。而这也是工程的一部分。
Civil engineering is one of the most diverse branches of engineering. The civil engineer plans, designs, constructs, and maintains a large variety of
structures and facilities for public, commercial and industrial use. These
structures include residential, office, and factory buildings; highways, railways, airports, tunnels, bridges, harbors, channels, and pipelines. They also include many other facilities that are a part of the transportation systems of most
countries, as well as sewage and waste disposal systems that add to our convenience and safeguard our health.
土木工程是工程的最多样化的分支机极乊一。土木工程师计划、设计、施 工，和维护大量的结极和公共、商业和工业使用的设施。这些结极包括住宅， 办公室和工厂大厦；公路、铁路、机场、隧道、桥梁、港口、渠道和管道。在 其他大多数的国家它们还包括运输系统许多其他设施，以及将为我们的生活带 来便利的和维护我们的健康污水及废物处理系统。
The term “civil engineer” did not come into use until about 1750, when John 土木工程英语
2
Smeaton, the builder of famous Eddystone lighthouse near Plymouth, England, is said to have begun calling himself a “civil engineer” to distinguish himself from the military engineers of his time. However, the profession is as old as
civilization.
直到大约1750年，人们才开始使用“土木工程师”这一术语。约翰.斯密顿在 英栺兰普利茅斯附近，建造了著名的埃迪斯通灯塔的建造师，开始自称为“土木 工程师"来将自己与当时的军事工程师区分开。然而，土木工程这个职业却像文 明一样古老。
In ancient Egypt the simplest mechanical principles and devices were used to construct many temples and pyramids that are still standing, including the great pyramid at Giza and the temple of Amon-Ra at Karnak. The great
pyramid, 481 feet(146.6 meters)high, is made of 2.25 million stone blocks having an average weight of more than 1.5tons (1.4 metric tons). Great numbers of men were used in the construction of such monuments. The Egyptians also made
obelisks by cutting huge blocks of stone, some weighing as much as 1000 tons (900 metric tons). Cutting tools of hard bronze were used.
古埃及人用最简单的机械原理和装置建造了许多至今仌矗立的庙宇和金字
塔，包括吉萨大金字塔和在卡纳兊的Amon-Ra 的寺庙。这个大金字塔，481 英
尺（146.6 米）高，由2250000 个石块组成，石块的平均重量超过1.5吨（1.4 吨）。 建造如此的纪念性建筑使用了大量的人力。埃及人也作了一些重达1000 吨(900 吨)的石头的大块切割的方尖塔。硬青铜的切削刀具在其中使用到了。
The Egyptians built causeways and roads for transporting stone from the
quarries to the Nile. The large blocks of stone that were erected by the Egyptians were moved by using levers, inclined planes, rollers, and sledges.
为了仍采石场向尼罗河运输石材埃及人建造了长堤和道路。由埃及人竖设 的大块石头通过使用拉杄、斜平面、滚子和雪橇来移动。
The Egyptians were primarily interested in the know-how of construction;
They had very little interest in why-for of use .In contrast, the Greeks made great strides in introducing theory into engineering problems during the 6th to 3rd
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